SYSTEM  OF  SECURING  AND  COMPILING  WORKMEN’S 
COMPENSATION  STATISTICS  BY  THE  WORKMEN’S 
COMPENSATION  SERVICE  BUREAU. 


INDEX 


Page 


Accidents : 

Compensatable .  3 

Extra-territorial  .  11 

Fatal .  18 

Method  of  reporting  changed  informa¬ 
tion  on .  8 

Method  of  reporting  additional  informa¬ 
tion  on .  8 

Non-tabulatable .  2 

Reportable . .  2 

Tabulatable . 2>  17 

Working  Machines  .  13 

“Accident  Date”  field .  11 

Accident  Experience  .  2 

“Adding”  fields  on  punched  cards . .  9 

Additional  Accident  Information, 
method  of  reporting .  8 

Age  Group  Code .  34 

“Age  Group”  field  on  cards .  12 

Alien  Dependents .  22 

Allocated  Claim  Adjusting  Expenses  5 

Allocation  of  Contract  Medical  Pay¬ 
ments  .  4 

Allocation  of  losses  to  Manual  Classi¬ 
fications  .  2 

Allocation  of  payments  to  depend¬ 
ents  . 20,  21 

Allocation  of  payments  to  injury. . .  33 

All  other  Compensation  Payments.  30 

Amputation,  Multiple  .  14 

Analysis  of  losses .  2 

Beneficiaries  .  22 


Call  for  Compensation  Experience . .  10 
“Cause  of  Injury”  field  on  card....  13 
Cause  of  Injury  Code: 


Other  than  working  machines .  39 

Working  machines .  38 

Changed  Accident  Information, 
method  of  reporting .  8 

This  code  has  been  issued  as  a  separate  publicati 


i  i  7 


Page 


Chauffeurs’  Compensation  Policies.  9 

Claim  Expenses  .  5 

“Classification”  field .  11 

Codes  to  use .  6 

Codes : 

Age  Group .  34 

Cause  of  Injury: 

Manner  of  occurrence .  38 

Working  machine .  38 

Other  than  working  machines .  39 

Kind  of  benefit  losses .  42 

Kind  of  injury  code .  41 

Manual  classifications* 

Names  of  Companies .  6 

Nature  of  Injury: 

Part  1 — Nature .  36 

Part  2 — Location  .  37 

Occupational  diseases .  43 

Per  cent,  impairment .  34 

State  .  35 

Commuted  Payments . 16,  17 

Company  Symbols  .  6 

Compensatable  Accidents .  3 

Compensation  Experience,  method  of 
reporting  . 10 

“Compensation  Paid”  field . 16,  19 

Compensation  written  on  endorse¬ 
ments  .  6 

Computed  Reserve .  23 

Contract  Medical  .  4 

“Contra”  Cards  .  26 

Correlation  of  Benefits  with  disabil¬ 
ities  : 

Method  of .  31 

Illustrations  .  32 

Tabulation  of  hypothetical  losses .  33 

“Counter”  Column  (outstanding 
card)  .  23 

“Counter”  Column  (paid  on  accident 
card)  .  17 

“Date  of  Accident”  field  on  card. ...  11 


INDEX — Continued 


Page 


Date  of  Report  to  Bureau .  2 

Deductible  Average  Policies .  5 

Deferred  Payments  .  17 

Degree  of  Impairment,  method  of 
averaging  .  12 

Dependency,  extent  of .  22 

Dependents  _ • . 18,  19 

“Dependents”  field .  18 

“Designating  Number”  field .  11 

Diseases  of  Occupation .  14 

Disfigurement  Benefits  .  30 

Disfigurement  Injuries  .  28 

Dismemberment  Benefits .  30 

Dismemberment  Injury .  28 

Distinction  between  “Kind  of  Injury” 
and  “Kind  of  Payment” .  27 

Distribution  of  Injuries  into  Groups  27 

“Duration  of  Injury”  field . 14 

Duration  of  Payments . 15,  16 

Duration  of  various  disabilities ....  15 

Endorsements  . 6 

Expenses,  allocated  adjusting .  5 

Expenses,  medical  .  13 

Expenses,  unallocated  .  5 

Experience — call  for .  10 

Experience — date  of  report .  2 

Experience — method  of  reporting . .  10 

Exposure  Card  .  25 

Exposure  Experience  .  1 

Extent  of  dependency .  22 

Extra-territorial  accidents .  11 

Fatal  Accident  Cases  .  18 

“Fatal”  Hollerith  Cards .  18 

Hollerith  Cards .  1 

Hollerith  Tabulating  Machine .  1 

Hospitals  in  Plants .  5 

Impairment — percent  of .  12 


Page 


Kind  of  Benefits  Compensation 
Losses  Code .  42 

“Kind  of  Injury”  Code .  41 

“Kind  of  Injury”  column .  14 

Kind  of  Injury  distinguished  from 
Kind  of  Payment .  27 

“Kind  of  Payment”  column .  16 

Liability  Payments  . 5,  31 

Losses — Allocation  of .  2 

Losses — Analysis  of  .  2 

Loss  of  Use  Benefits .  30 

Loss  of  Use  Injury  .  28 

Lump  Sum  Payments  . 16,  17 

Lump  Sum  Settlements  .  16 

Manner  of  Occurrence  code .  38 

“Manner  of  Occurrence”  column ....  13 

Manual  Classifications  code .  11 

“Marital  State”  field .  18 

Medical  Contract .  4 

Medical  Expenses .  13 

“Medical  Paid”  field  on  card .  12 

Medical — Plant  Hospital  .  5 

Minimum  Premiums,  method  of  pro¬ 
rating  .  9 

Multiple  Amputations  .  14 

Multiple  Injuries  (minor)  .  4 

Names  of  Companies  in  Symbols. . .  6 

Nature  of  Injury  Code — Part  1 
(Nature)  .  36 

Nature  of  Injury  Code — Part  2 
(Location)  .  37 

“Nature  of  Injury”  field .  13 

New  Accident  Cases .  8 

Non-resident  alien  dependents .  22 

Non-tabulatable  accidents  .  2 


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INDEX — Continued 


Page 


Page 


Occupational  Disease  Code: 

Compressed  air . - . . . . .  49 

Cramps  .  49 

Fatigue,  strains,  etc .  48 

Inflammation  of  joints,  etc .  49 

Parasites  and  micro-organisms .  47 

Poisoning .  43 

Pulmonary  diseases .  46 


Occupational  Diseases . 

“Outstanding”  card . 

Outstanding  cases  . 

Outstanding  duration . 

Outstanding  losses . 

Outstanding  Medical  . 

“Paid  on  Accident”  card . 

Partial  disability  . 

Payroll  Exposure . 

“Payroll”  field  . 

Percent  of  Impairment  Code . 

“Percent  of  Impairment”  field . 

Permanent  Partial  Benefits  . 

Permanent  Partial  Injury  . 

Permanent  Total  Benefits  . 

Permanent  Total  Injury  . 

Policies,  chauffeurs’  compensation . . 

Policies,  deductible  average . 

Policies  excluding  medical  aid . 

Policies  written  at  reduced  rate  ac¬ 
count  Plant  Hospital . 

Policy  year  method  of  compiling  sta¬ 
tistics  . 

“Positive”  punched  cards . 

Powers  Tabulating  Machine . 

Premiums,  prorating  of  minimum . . 


14 


23 

23 


23 

23 


23 

11 

27 

1 

25 

34 

11 

30 


28 

29 

27 

9 

5 


o 

O 


5 

1 

8 

1 

9 


Premiums,  reporting  of . 

Punched  cards  . 

Rebate  Payroll . 

Relationship  to  deceased  workman. . 

Reportable  Accidents  . 

Return  Premium  . 

“Sex”  field  on  cards . 

“Sorting”  fields  on  punched  cards. 9, 

“Special  Information”  field  on  fatal 
card  . 

Specific  Dismemberment  Benefits. . . 

State  Code  . 

“State”  field  on  punched  card . 

Symbols  for  Companies . 

Tabulatable  Accidents  . 2, 

Tabulation  of  Losses . 

Temporary  Partial  Benefits  . 

Temporary  Partial  Injury  . 

Temporary  Total  Benefits  . 

Temporary  Total  Injury  . 

Unallocated  Claim  Expenses . 

Waiting  Period  . 

Wages  . 

Weekly  Benefit  . 22, 

“Weekly  Wage”  field . 

Working  Machine  Accidents  . 

Working  Machine  Code  . 

Yearly  Revision  of  Accident  Experi¬ 
ence  . 

“Year  of  Issue”  field  on  card . 

Year  of  Issue  method  of  compiling 
statistics . 


1 

1 

25 

22 

2 

25 

11 

25 


22 

30 

35 

11 

6 

17 

33 

29 


27 

29 

27 

5 

15 

14 

23 

14 

13 

38 

7 

11 

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SYSTEM  OF  SECURING  AND  COMPILING  WORKMEN’S 
COMPENSATION  STATISTICS  BY  THE  NATIONAL 
WORKMEN’S  COMPENSATION  SERVICE  BUREAU 

SECTION  1.— GENERAL  INSTRUCTIONS. 

1.  Punched  Card  System. 

(a)  This  system  comprehends  the  use  of  the  Hollerith  or  Powers  punched 
cards  in  connection  with  the  Hollerith  or  Powers  sorting  and  adding  machines. 
Though  not  interchangeable,  the  cards  are  identical  in  size  and  form,  and 
accordingly  the  system  can  be  used  m  connection  with  either  make  of  machine. 

(b)  The  punched  card  system,  which  hereinafter  will  be  referred  to  as 
the  “Bureau  plan,”  consists  of  three  main  divisions: 

(1)  The  “Exposure”  cards  for  reporting  payroll  exposure  and  pre¬ 
miums. 

(2)  The  “Paid-on-Accident”  cards  for  reporting  experience  on  acci¬ 
dents  up  to  the  time  of  compilation.  This  includes  experience  on  closed 
cases  and  the  ascertained  experience  on  open  cases. 

(3)  The  “Outstanding”  cards  for  reporting  the  outstanding  experi¬ 
ence  on  accidents  remaining  open  at  the  time  of  compilation. 

2.  Policy  Year  Method  of  Compiling  Compensation  Statistics. 

(a)  Before  taking  up  each  division  of  the  plan  in  detail  it  is  necessary 
to  point  out  that  the  statistical  data  must  be  prepared  and  tabulated  in  ac¬ 
cordance  with  the  “Policy  Year”  method.  This  method  requires: 

(1)  The  segregation  of  exposed  payrolls  and  premiums  based  upon 
such  payrolls  according  to  the  calendar  years  in  which  the  policies 
were  issued.  To  give  a  concrete  example,  the  estimated  payrolls  and 
premiums  covered  by  a  policy  issued,  for  example,  in  1914,  including  all 
developments  such  as  additional  payroll  expenditures  and  premiums  as¬ 
certained  in  subsequent  years,  must  be  allocated  to  the  year  1914  irre¬ 
spective  of  the  years  in  which  the  items  may  have  been  entered  on 
the  company’s  books. 

(2)  The  allocation  of  losses  to  the  year  in  which  the  policy  under 
which  they  were  incurred  was  issued. 

(b)  The  experience  thus  recorded  and  reported  will  enable  the  Bureau  to 
place  the  losses  incurred  under  policies  written  in  a  particular  year  against 
the  exposure  covered  by  such  policies,  which  is  the  only  sound  method  for 
determining  accurate  loss  ratios,  pure  premiums,  accident  frequency  rates, 
and  other  results. 

3.  Payroll  Exposure  and  Premiums. 

(a)  Two  methods  of  reporting  exposure  experience  are  available: 

(1)  The  companies  may  use  one  exposure  card  for  each  manual 
classification,  the  card  to  contain  all  of  the  experience  pertaining  to  the 
classification  for  the  given  state  and  year  of  issue;  or 

(2)  The  companies  may  punch  a  separate  exposure  card  for  each 
office  entry  in  connection  with  each  subdivision  of  payroll  for  every 
policy  issued  and  file  with  the  Bureau  such  of  the  cards  as  pertain  to 
the  year  of  issue  for  which  a  report  is  required.  Under  method  2, 
care  should  be  taken  before  filing  to  see  that  the  cards  when  totalled 
will  give  all  of  exposure  pertaining  to  each  classification  and  state  for 
the  given  year  of  issue. 

(b)  For  rules  governing  the  information  to  be  punched  in  the  various 
fields  on  the  Exposure  card  see  Section  5. 


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4.  Accident  Experience — Analysis. 

(a)  Each  reportable  accident,  as  defined  in  Rule  7,  shall  be  given  indi¬ 
vidual  treatment  and  reported  on  a  separate  card  or  on  several  cards  if  occa¬ 
sion  requires  it. 

(b)  Closed  non-fatal  cases  and  the  paid  loss  experience  in  connection 
with  open  cases  shall  be  analyzed  in  accordance  with  rules  in  Section  2  and 
the  analysis  reported  on  Paid  on  Accident  cards. 

(c)  The  outstanding  experience  on  non-fatal  cases  shall  be  analyzed  in 
accordance  with  rules  in  Section  4  and  the  analysis  reported  on  Outstanding 
cards. 

(d)  Fatal  cases  shall  be  analyzed  in  accordance  with  rules  in  Section  3 
and  the  analysis  reported  on  special  report  cards  entitled  “Compensation 
Experience — Analysis  of  Fatal  Accidents.”  The  companies  will  report  on 
these  cards  both  the  paid  and  outstanding  experience  and  the  Bureau  will 
punch  the  Fatal  Paid  on  Accident  cards  and  Outstanding  cards. 

5.  Allocation  of  Losses  to  Manual  Classifications. 

(a)  To  assure  dependable  pure  premium  experience  the  greatest  care 
should  be  exercised  to  see  that  accidents  and  losses  are  charged  to  the  proper 
manual  classifications.  This  is  especially  true  when  a  loss  is  incurred  under 
a  policy  covering  a  risk  that  is  written  on  a  divided  payroll  basis.  The'  fol¬ 
lowing  considerations  should  govern  the  allocation  of  losses  to  manual  classi¬ 
fications:  Determine  the  occupation  of  the  injured  workman,  then  allocate 
the  loss  to  the  classification  covering  the  payroll  in  which  his  wages  were 
included.  For  illustration,  let  us  take  a  contracting  risk  involving  the  fol¬ 
lowing  classifications:  Carpentry — N.  0.  C.,  Masonry — N.  0.  C.,  and  Blast¬ 
ing.  A  carpenter  engaged  in  his  routine  work  receives  injuries  from  a  blast 
fired  by  an  employee  whose  payroll  takes  the  blasting  rate.  This  accident  is 
chargeable  to  the  carpentry  classification  and  not  to  the  blasting  classifica¬ 
tion. 

6.  Date  of  Reporting  Experience. 

The  experience  for  any  year  of  issue  shall  be  reported  as  of  a  date  four 
months  after  the  end  of  the  next  succeeding  calendar  year  and  sent  to  the 
Bureau  as  soon  thereafter  as  possible,  but  not  later  than  July  1st.  As  an 
illustration,  the  experience  on  policies  issued  in  1915  will  be  reported  not 
later  than  July  1,  1917,  and  will  represent  the  status  of  the  experience  on 
April  30,  1917.  This  arrangement,  it  will  be  noted,  allows  every  phase  of  the 
experience  to  mature  sufficiently  to  assure  dependable  statistics,  as  no  report 
is  to  be  made  until  every  policy  has  completed  its  term,  and  almost  all  the 
payrolls  have  been  audited  and  every  accident  has  been  reported.  As  to 
experience  on  accidents,  the  companies  will  have  27 months’  experience  on 
accidents  occurring  in  January,  1915,  and  4^2  months’  experience  on  acci¬ 
dents  occurring  in  December,  1916. 

7.  Reportable  Accidents. 

Reports  shall  be  made  to  the  Bureau  of  all  tabulatable  accidents,  and  of  all 
non-tabulatable  accidents  which  require  any  medical  expenditure. 

8.  Tabulatable  Accident — Definition  of. 

A  tabulatable  accident  is  one  which  occasions  loss  of  time  on  any  day  on 
which  the  injured  would  have  worked  other  than  the  day  of  the  accident. 
This  definition  shall  be  followed  by  all  companies. 

9.  Non-Tabulatable  Accidents. 

An  accident  which  causes  no  loss  of  time  or  loss  of  time  only  for  the  re¬ 
mainder  of  the  day,  turn  or  shift  on  which  the  accident  occurred,  shall  be 
classified  as  non-tabulatable.  As  has  been  stated  in  Rule  7,  only  those  non- 
tabulatable  accidents  which  occasion  medical  expenditure  are  to  be  reported 


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to  the  Bureau.  No  detailed  analysis,  however,  need  be  made  in  such  cases, 
but  the  following  information  is  required:  Designating  Number,  State, 
Year  of  Issue,  Classification,  Date  of  Accident  and  the  amount  of  the  Medi¬ 
cal.  Care  should  be  taken  not  to  punch  the  counter  digit  as  otherwise  the 
cases  will  be  counted  as  accidents. 

10.  When  Assumption  May  Be  Made  That  Accident  Is  Non-Tabulatable. 

If  the  information  on  the  accident  report  is  insufficient,  so  that  no  evi¬ 
dence  exists  as  to  whether  or  not  the  injured  man  returned  to  work,  and  if 
there  is  no  medical  bill,  or,  if  the  medical  bill  calls  for  only  one  treatment 
administered  on  the  day  of  accident,  the  assumption  may  be  made  that  the 
accident  is  a  Non-Tabulatable  one.  This,  of  course,  does  not  absolve  the 
companies  from  the  necessity  of  insisting  upon  getting  accurate  “return  to 
work”  reports. 

11.  Compensatable  Accident — Definition. 

A  “Compensatable  Accident”  is  one  which  results  in  an  award  of  compen- . 
sation  or  which  entitles  an  injured  employee  or  his  dependents  to  compensa¬ 
tion.  Statutory  Medical  Aid  is  not  to  be  regarded  as  compensation  within 
the  meaning  of  the  definition. 

12.  Policies  Excluding  Medical  Aid. 

In  those  cases  where  the  policy  contract  provides  for  the  exclusion  of  lia¬ 
bility  for  medical  benefits,  the  payrolls  and  premiums  shall  be  reported  sepa¬ 
rately  from  the  payrolls  and  premiums  on  policies  providing  full  coverage. 
To  indicate  that  the  medical  feature  has  been  excluded  from  the  contract, 
the  position  “X”  shall  be  punched  on  the  exposure  card  immediately  above 
the  first  column  of  digits  in  the  field  entitled  “Payroll.” 

It  is  not  necessary  to  report  the  losses  on  this  class  of  policies  separately, 
or  to  mark  them  in  any  way  to  distinguish  them  from  losses  on  full  coverage 
policies.  The  reason  for  it  is  made  apparent  in  the  following  illustration : 


Kind  of  Policy 

Payroll 

Indemnity 

Loss 

Medical 

Loss 

Pure 

Premium 

Medical  Excluded 

500,000 

Full  Coverage 

1,000,000 

5,000 

.50  Medical 

Total 

$1,500,000 

15,000 

1.00  Indemnity 

Pure  premium  for  full  coverage 

policies  . 

. 1.50 

There  being  no  medical  losses  on  policies  which  exclude  medical  payments, 
such  losses  are  therefore  placed  only  against  the  payroll  in  connection  with 
“full  coverage”  policies.  This  gives  the  medical  pure  premium  for  full  cover¬ 
age  policies.  On  the  justified  assumption  that  the  weekly  compensation  loss 
experience  is  the  same  under  both  kinds  of  policy,  the  total  of  such  losses 
are  applied  against  the  combined  payroll  to  arrive  at  weekly  indemnity  pure 
premium.  This  result  gives  the  actual  pure  premium  for  policies  which 
exclude  medical  aid.  The  proper  pure  premium  for  full  coverage  policies 
is  the  sum  of  medical  and  weekly  indemnity  pure  premiums. 

If  the  payrolls  are  not  separated,  the  following  pure  premium  is  obtained : 

Payroll  $1,500,000;  Losses  (including  medical)  $20,000;  P.  P.  1.33. 

The  pure  premium  of  1.33  is  only  89%  of  the  actual  pure  premium  for  full 
coverage  policies  and  is  33%  in  excess  of  the  pure  premium  for  policies  ex¬ 
cluding  medical  aid. 

As  the  basis  of  all  rate  making  is  the  experience  pure  premium,  and  as 
the  basic  rates  are  furthermore  erected  for  full  coverage  contracts,  it  is 


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needless  to  say  that  failure  to  separate  the  payrolls  will  result  in  rates  en¬ 
tirely  inadequate  for  full  coverage  contracts;  the  extent  of  inadequacy  de¬ 
pending  on  the  amount  of  payroll  underwritten  with  the  medical  feature 
excluded.  The  above  examples  abundantly  illustrate  this  point. 

Another  advantage  of  reporting  the  payrolls  separately  is  that  eventually 
it  will  be  possible  to  determine  the  discounts  from  basic  rates  for  policies 
which  exclude  medical  aid. 

It  is  appreciated,  of  course,  that  under  policies  excluding  medical  there  wiil 
be  instances  where  medical  payments  are  made  nevertheless  in  order  to 
shorten  the  period  of  recovery  or  to  eliminate  any  indemnity  payments,  if 
possible.  Strictly  speaking,  these  medical  payments  should  be  considered  as 
indemnity  payments  because  they  stand  in  the  place  of  them.  If  the  argu¬ 
ment  ended  here  we  might  report  such  payments  as  Indemnity  rather  than 
Medical,  but  the  argument  does  not  end  here.  Where  medical  payments  in 
excess  of  statutory  requirements  are  made  for  the  purpose  of  shortening  the 
period  of  recovery  or  eliminating  indemnity  payments,  the  same  arguments 
would  apply,  namely,  that  such  excess  above  statutory  requirements  should 
be  included  as  Indemnity  rather  than  Medical.  It  will  be  seen  that  such 
stipulation  could  not  be  handled  without  great  difficulty,  or  in  other  words, 
such  distinction  would  be  impracticable.  Another  method  would  be  to  dif¬ 
ferentiate  between  losses  under  full  coverage  policies  and  losses  under  policies 
excluding  medical,  the  same  as  it  is  proposed  for  the  exposure,  but  the  work 
attendant  upon  producing  such  results  would  not  be  worth  while.  If  any 
medical  payments  are  made  under  policies  excluding  medical  aid  or  in  excess 
of  statutory  requirements,  they  may  be  reported  as  medical  payment  if  the 
reporting  company  does  not  care  to  put  itself  to  the  trouble  of  classifying 
them  as  indemnity.  It  is  believed  that  the  amount  of  such  payments  would 
be  relatively  so  small  as  not  to  vitiate  to  any  essential  degree  the  result  ob¬ 
tained  from  the  plan  proposed  and  illustrated  in  the  diagram  above  inserted. 

13.  Contract  Medical  Payments. 

(a)  In  accordance  with  a  resolution  adopted  by  the  Sub-Committee  on 
the  Bureau  Statistical  Plan  on  March  23,  1916,  Contract  Medical  payments 
must  be  classified  and  reported  by  classifications  as  medical  losses.  The 
practice  of  charging  medical  payments  of  this  character  to  expense  tends 
to  produce  grave  errors  in  pure  premium  experience  and  should,  therefore, 
be  immediately  discontinued. 

(b)  The  following  plan  for  allocating  contract  medical  payments  is 
strongly  recommended: 

(1)  In  all  cases  except  those  where  physicians  are  employed  under 
contract  or  the  companies  establish  Medical  Departments,  the  amount 
of  Medical  paid  shall  be  charged  against  the  individual  accident  and 
in  this  way  revert  to  the  classification  and  other  conditions  incidental 
in  the  tabulation  of  experience. 

(2)  In  cases  of  physicians  under  contract  and  medical  departments, 
the  amount  paid  out  to  the  contract  physician  shall  be  charged  to  the 
expense  of  the  medical  department  and  debited  to  Sundry  Loss  Ex¬ 
pense. 

(3)  As  reports  come  in  from  physicians,  the  medical  expense  shall 
be  determined  in  accordance  with  a  system  of  fees  which  is  repre¬ 
sented  by  the  prevailing  fees  in  the  territory  where  the  accident 
occurred. 

(4)  The  amount  charged  to  Medical  shall  be  the  amount  calcu¬ 
lated  for  each  accident  in  accordance  with  the  system  of  fees  em¬ 
ployed  and  that  such  amounts  shall  be  credited  to  Sundry  Loss  Ex¬ 
pense. 


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14.  Medical  Payments — Plant  Hospital. 

(a)  In  those  cases  where  policies  are  written  at  a  reduced  rate  because 
of  the  presence  at  the  plant  of  a  fully  equipped  First  Aid  Hospital,  experi¬ 
ence  shall  be  stated  separately  and  reported  with  experience  on  policies 
written  with  the  exclusion  of  medical  payments. 

Note  that  this  rule  applies  only  to  plant  hospitals  for  which  a  considerable 
reduction  in  premium  has  been  allowed. 

15.  Deductible  Average  Policies. 

(a)  Payrolls,  premiums  and  losses  in  connection  with  policies  contain¬ 
ing  the  so-called  deductible  average  clause  shall  be  excluded  entirely  from 
the  general  experience  and  reported  separately  in  the  following  manner: 

(1)  The  payrolls  and  premiums  shall  be  assembled  according  to 
policies  carrying  the  same  amount  of  deductible  average,  subdivided, 
of  course,  by  classifications  within  states,  and  data  pertaining  to  each 
classification  punched  on  a  separate  exposure  card.  The  position  “X” 
shall  be  punched  above  the  first  column  of  digits  in  Classification  field 
and  on  the  face  of  the  card  shall  be  written  in  ink  the  amount  of  de¬ 
ductible  average  in  this  manner:  D.  A.  $250,  or  P.  A.  $100,  as  the 
case  may  be. 

(2)  The  accident  experience  on  such  policies  shall  be  analyzed  and 
reported  in  the  identical  manner  provided  for  ordinary  accident  ex¬ 
perience.  On  the  face  of  each  card  shall  be  written  the  amount  of 
deductible  average  of  the  policy  to  which  the  accident  is  chargeable 
and  position  “X”  shall  be  punched  above  the  first  column  of  digits  in 
Classification  field  on  Paid-on-Accident  card. 

(3)  The  same  procedure  shall  be  followed  in  outstanding  cases 
reported  on  Outstanding  cards. 

(4)  As  such  experience  will  be  tabulated  and  studied  by  itself,  the 
companies  are  requested  to  submit  the  cards  in  a  separate  package, 
plainly  marked  to  indicate  identity. 

16.  Compensation  Business  Written  on  Endorsements. 

It  is  understood  that  for  the  purpose  of  the  experience  all  compensation 
business  written  on  endorsements  shall  be  considered  as  written  on  the  date 
when  the  endorsement  was  issued  and  not  on  the  date  of  the  issue  of  the 
original  policy. 

17.  Claim  Expenses. 

Claim  expenses,  both  allocated  and  unallocated,  shall  be  treated  as  fol¬ 
lows  :  The  companies  shall  report  to  the  Bureau  the  amount  of  their  claim 
expenses  in  bulk  by  states  and  calendar  years.  The  Bureau  will  then  com¬ 
bine  these  expenses  by  states  and  calendar  years  and  if  advisable  distribute 
them  to  classifications.  Of  course,  allocated  adjusting  expenses  in  connec¬ 
tion  with  '‘liability”  cases  which  are  to  be  reported  on  Paid-on-Accident 
cards  in  accordance  with  Rule  44e  should  not  again  be  included  when  the 
claim  expenses  are  reported  in  bulk  according  to  this  paragraph. 

18.  Liability  Payment  or  Settlement  shall  mean  amounts  (including  medical) 
recovered  under  Common  Law  in  all  cases  where  a  compensation  policy  pro¬ 
vides  also  coverage  for  incidental  Common  Law  liability.  Such  common  law 
liability  may  arise  in  one  or  another  of  the  following  ways: 

(1)  Where  workman  elects  not  to  come  under  the  provisions  of  the 
Compensation  Act. 

(2)  Where  a  workman,  having  elected  to  come  under  the  Compensa¬ 
tion  Act,  is  injured  in  an  accident  occurring  in  such  a  manner  as  to  en¬ 
title  him  to  sue  at  Common  Law  and  chooses  that  form  of  recovery. 


5 


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(3)  Where  a  workman  by  reason  of  the  nature  of  his  occupation  is 
specifically  excluded  from  benefits  of  the  Compensation  Act. 

(4)  Claims  or  suits  at  Common  Law  for  the  loss  of  services  of  wives 
and  minors. 


19.  Risks  Based  on  Payroll  Exposure. 

The  experience  reported  to  the  Bureau  must  include  only  compensation 
risks  that  are  based  on  payroll  exposure. 


20.  Codes. 


Every  company  reporting-  to  the  Bureau  must  use  the  codes  adopted  by 
the  Statistical  Committee.  These  codes  and  the  fields  on  the  punched  cards 
to  which  they  apply  are  as  follows : 


1.  State  Code  . State  field. 

2.  Manual  Classification  Code . Classification  field 

3.  Per  cent  of  Impairment  Code . Per  cent  Impairment  field 

4.  Age  Group  Code . Age  Group  field 

5.  Cause  of  Injury  Code: 

(1)  Manner  of  Occurrence  Code. ...  Manner  of  Occurrence  column 

(2)  Working  Machine  Code . Cause  of  Injury  field 

(3)  Causes  other  than  Working- 

Machinery  . Cause  of  Injury  field 


6.  Nature  of  Injury  Code: 

(1)  Nature  of  Injury  (Fracture, 

etc.)  . 1st  column  of  Nature  of  Injury 

field 

(2)  Location  of  Injury  (Leg,  etc.) .  .Next  two  columns  Nature  of 

Injury  field 


7.  Occupation  Diseases  Code 

8.  Kind  of  Injury . 

9.  Kind  of  Payment: 

(1)  Non-Fatal  cases  . . 

(2)  Fatal  cases 


Nature  of  Injury  field 

Column  “Kind”  in  Duration  field 

Compensation  Paid  field — first 
two  columns  headed  “Kind  of 
Payment.” 


21.  Symbol  for  Companies. 

As  the  Bureau  cards  are  printed  from  plates  upon  which  only  the  Bu¬ 
reau  name  appears  and  as  it  is  desirable  to  preserve  the  identity  of  each 
company’s  experience,  the  following  system  has  been  devised  for  designat¬ 
ing  the  different  companies  by  symbols. 

Above  the  heading  “Designating  Number”  at  the  extreme  left-hand  comer 
of  the  cards  appear  six  letters  arranged  in  the  following  figure: 

Y  Y  Y 
XXX 

Upon  application  to  the  Statistician  of  the  Bureau,  each  company  will  se¬ 
cure  a  symbol  by  which  it  will  be  known  for  the  purposes  of  this  plan.  This 
symbol  will  be  arranged  by  choosing  either  an  X  or  a  Y  position  or  any 
combination  of  X  and  Y  positions.  For  example,  the  following  symbol  may 
be  assigned  to  an  applying  Company: 

Y  N  N 
N  X  N 


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This  would  mean  that  the  company  so  designated  would  punch  the  first 
Y  in  the  upper  line  and  the  second  X  in  the  lower  line  and  leave  the  re¬ 
maining  positions  unpunched. 

Such  punching  may  be  done  by  a  gang  punch  which  may  be  procured  from 
the  Tabulating  Machine  Company.  This  machine  will  punch  15  cards  at 
one  time. 


22.  Occasions  Requiring  More  Than  One  Card  to  Report  a  Single  Accident. 

(a)  Let  us  consider  a  case  of  dismemberment  on  which  these  various 
payments  have  been  made  or  are  estimated  to  be  payable — Medical,  Tem¬ 
porary  Total,  Specific  Dismemberment,  Disfigurement,  and  Permanent  Par¬ 
tial  on  account  of  impairment  of  earning  power.  To  conform  to  the  re¬ 
quirements  of  the  plan,  four  cards  must  be  punched  to  properly  report 
this  case — one  for  each  kind  of  benefit  paid.  (Medical  will  be  reported  on  a 
card  containing  one  of  the  benefits  as  hereinafter  described.) 

(b)  On  one  of  the  cards  will  be  punched  the  amount  of  Temporary 
Total  payment  (indicating  that  the  payment  is  such  by  punching  the 
proper  symbol  in  the  sub-column  “Kind  of  Payment”  in  Compensation  Paid 
field),  the  duration  of  payments  plus  the  waiting  period,  the  proper  symbol 
in  the  “Kind  of  Injury”  column  to  designate  the  injury  as  Dismember¬ 
ment,  the  amount  of  the  Medical,  and  the  digit  1  in  the  Counter  column  to 
indicate  the  case  as  a  tabulatable  accident. 

(c)  Since  the  medical  payment  has  already  been  recorded  and  the  case 
counted  as  an  accident  by  punching  the  Counter  digit  on  Temporary  Total 
card,  it  follows  that  this  information  should  not  be  punched  on  any  of  the 
other  cards. 

(d)  On  another  card  will  be  punched  the  amount  of  the  Permanent  Par¬ 
tial  payments  and  the  duration  of  such  payments  with  the  proper  symbol  in 
the  Kind  of  Injury  column  to  indicate  that  the  Permanent  Partial  payment 
is  in  connection  with  a  case  of  dismemberment. 

(e)  The  procedure  with  reference  to  Permanent  Partial  payments  is  to 
be  followed  in  reporting  on  the  other  two  cards  the  payments  respectively 
of  Specific  Dismemberment  and  Disfigurement  benefits. 

(f)  Of  course,  it  is  understood  that  all  the  other  information  pertain¬ 
ing  to  the  accident,  such  as  the  Designating  Number,  State,  Year  of  Issue, 
Classification,  etc.,  must  be  punched  on  all  four  cards  alike.  It  is  particu¬ 
larly  desired  to  emphasize  the  fact  that  the  symbol  to  designate  the  injury 
as  Dismemberment  must  be  punched  on  each  one  of  the  four  cards. 

(g)  The  above  instructions  apply  both  to  “Paid-on-Accident”  and  “Out¬ 
standing”  cards.  If  any  payments  are  outstanding  at  the  time  the  report 
is  made,  an  outstanding  card  must  be  punched  for  each  kind  of  payment 
outstanding. 


23.  Yearly  Revision  of  Accident  Experience. 

It  is  estimated  that  of  the  total  number  of  accidents  for  any  year  of  issue 
about  3%  will  have  incomplete  experience  at  the  time  the  first  report  is 
made  to  the  Bureau.  To  secure  an  immediate  working  basis,  the  losses  and 
other  experience  for  a  given  year  will  be  ascertained  by  combining  the  esti¬ 
mated  outstanding  experience  (reported  on  OUTSTANDING  cards)  with 
the  completed  experience  reported  on  PAID  ON  ACCIDENT  cards.  It  is 
obvious  that  losses  so  obtained  are  merely  approximate.  Accurate  infor¬ 
mation  will  not  be  obtainable  until  all  of  the  outstanding  cases  ai*e  finally 
settled.  However,  it  is  desirable  for  statistical  purposes  to  study  the  devel¬ 
opments  year  by  year.  To  such  an  end,  the  companies  will  report  the  de- 


7 


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velopments  on  outstanding*  cases  every  succeeding*  year  after  the  first  report 
of  accident  experience  for  any  year  of  issue.  The  developments  in  majority 
of  cases  will  be  merely  additional  payments,  and  such  additional  payments 
will  be  reported  according  to  method  described  in  Rule  24(b).  Other  de¬ 
velopments  involving  a  change  of  information  with  respect  to  the  nature  of 
injury,  or  any  other  item  in  any  of  the  “Sorting”  fields,  will  be  reported 
according  to  Rule  24  (c) . 

If  some  cases  are  still  outstanding  at  the  time  the  additional  payments 
are  reported,  the  outstanding  experience  will  be  reported  according  to  rules 
in  Section  4— OUTSTANDING  CARDS. 

24.  Method  of  Reporting  Additional  or  Changed  Information. 

(a)  Additional  or  changed  information  obtained  after  the  first  informa¬ 
tion  pertaining  to  an  accident  has  been  reported  to  the  Bureau  will  be  re¬ 
ported  as  follows: 

For  convenience  of  reference  the  developments  of  previously  reported 
experience  may  be  divided  into  5  classes: 

1.  Additional  payments  with  original  information  unchanged. 

2.  Additional  payments  with  changed  information. 

3.  Changed  information  with  no  additional  payments. 

4.  Absolutely  new  cases,  i.  e.,  cases  for  which  no  accident  informa¬ 

tion  has  been  sent  to  the  Bureau. 

5.  Reopened  cases. 

(b)  In  case  of  (1)  it  will  only  be  necessary  to  punch  on  a  “positive”* 
PAID  ON  ACCIDENT  card  the  amount  of  additional  payments  and  the 
number  of  weeks  of  additional  duration  of  payments.  In  the  remaining 
fields  will  be  punched  the  inf onnation  originally  reported  on  the  first  card, 
but  care  must  be  taken  not  to  punch  the  “Medical”  field  if  no  additional 
Medical  payments  have  been  made.  The  Counter  digit  should  not  be  punched 
as  otherwise  the  card  will  be  counted  as  an  additional  accident. 

(c)  In  cases  (2)  and  (3)  it  is  necessary  first  to  eliminate  or  subtract 
the  accident  and  all  of  the  information  pertaining  to  it  from  the  records 
at  the  Bureau.  This  is  accomplished  by  punching  a  “Contra”  card  in  such  a 
manner  as  to  exactly  duplicate  the  information  contained  in  the  original 
“positive”  card  including  digit  1  in  the  Counter  column.  The  accident  is 
then  treated  as  a  new  case  and  the  revised  experience  is  punched  on  a  new 
PAID  ON  ACCIDENT  card.  In  order  that  the  accident  be  counted  again 
the  digit  1  in  the  Counter  column  must  be  punched  on  the  new  card,  be¬ 
cause  the  “Contra”  card  eliminated  the  accident. 

(d)  With  reference  to  (4),  a  “positive”  card  will  be  punched  for  each 
such  accident.  The  digit  1  will  be  punched  in  the  Counter  column  so  that 
the  cases  will  be  counted  as  accidents. 

(e)  With  reference  to  (5),  these  cases  will  be  treated  as  a  class  by 
themselves — REOPENED  CASES,  and  should  be  kept  separately  when 
reported.  Two  cards  shall  be  punched  in  connection  with  each  reopened 
accident  case;  one  to  contain  the  payments  made  before  the  case  was  re¬ 
opened,  the  other  to  be  punched  with  a  symbol  signifying  that  the  case 
was  reopened  and  to  contain  the  new  information  and  the  payments  made 
after  reopening.  The  full  details  for  handling  reopened  cases  have  not 
yet  been  worked  out,  but  as  soon  as  they  are,  the  companies  will  be  fur¬ 
nished  with  supplementary  instructions. 


♦“Positive” — This  term  is  used  to  distinguish  the  ordinary  PAID  ON  ACCIDENT  and  OUTSTAND¬ 
ING  cards  from  the  CONTRA  cards.  As  for  CONTRA  cards,  they  are  fully  described  in  Section  6. 


8 


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25.  Sorting  and  Adding  Fields  on  Hollerith  Cards. 

To  facilitate  the  formulation  of  a  number  of  important  rules  the  fields  on 
Hollerith  cards  have  been  divided  into  two  groups — Sorting  and  Adding,  as 
indicated  below: 


Paid  on  Accident  Cards 

Sorting  Fields  Adding  Fields 

State  Medical  Paid 

Issue  Duration  of  In- 

Classification  jury 

Accident  Date  Compens  a  - 

Sex  and  %  Imp’t  tion  Paid 

Age  Group 
Cause  of  Injury 
Nature  of  Injury 
Weekly  Wages 
Column  “  Kind  ” 
in  Duration  of 
Inj.  field 

Column  “Kind  of 
Payment”  i  n 
Compensation 
Paid  field 


Outstanding  Cards 


Sorting  Fields 

State 

Issue 

Classification 
Accident  Date 
Sex  and  %  Imp’t 
Age  Group 
Cause  of  Injury 
Nature  of  Injury 
Weekly  Wages 
Weekly  Benefit 
Column  “Kind” 
in  Est.  Out¬ 
standing  Dura¬ 
tion  field 
Column  “Kind  of 
Payment”  i  n 
Computed  Re¬ 
serve  field 


Adding  Fields 

Outstanding  Med. 
Est.  Outstanding 
Duration 
Computed  Re¬ 
serve 


26.  Method  of  Pro-Rating  Minimum  Premiums. 

(a)  In  the  case  of  a  minimum  premium  policy  where  there  are  several 
classifications  with  estimated  payroll,  we  recommend  that  the  minimum  pre¬ 
mium  be  apportioned  as  follows: 

It  is  understood  that  in  each  policy  there  will  be  a  governing  classifica¬ 
tion.  The  premium  for  all  minor  classifications  should  be  computed  on  the 
basis  of  the  estimated  payroll  and  the  proper  rate;  the  balance  of  the 
minimum  premium  should  then  be  charged  against  the  governing  classifica¬ 
tion.  Take  the  following  example: 


Classifica¬ 

tion 

Estimated 

Payroll 

Rate 

Premium 

without 

Limit 

Apportionment 
of  Minimum 
Premium 

1 

$1500 

2.00 

30 

41 

2 

100 

2.00- 

2 

2 

3 

100 

3.00 

3 

3 

4 

100 

4.00 

4 

4 

$39  $50 

Here  we  have  four  classifications;  classification  No.  1  being  the  govern¬ 
ing  classification.  The  premium  obtained  by  applying  the  rates  to  the 
estimated  payroll  for  the  four  classifications  is  $39.00,  but  the  minimum 
premium  for  this  policy  is  $50.00.  The  apportionment  of  this  minimum 
premium  in  accordance  with  the  above  rule  provides  that  the  premium  for 
classifications  2,  3  and  4  shall  be  computed  strictly  in  accordance  with  the 
rates  and  payrolls  for  these  classifications,  and  that  the  remainder  of  the 
minimum  premium  should  be  assigned  to  classification  No.  1,  the  govern¬ 
ing  classification. 


27.  Method  of  Dealing  with  Chauffeurs’  Compensation  Policies. 

(a)  Whenever  a  chauffeur  is  covered  by  a  Chauffeurs’  Compensation 
Policy  which  is  written  in  a  non-compensation  state  the  premium  should 
be  charged  to  the  nearest  compensation  state.  For  example: — If  a  policy 


9 


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of  this  character  is  written  in  Missouri  to  cover  wherever  the  chauffeur 
travels,  the  premium  should  be  charged  to  Illinois,  the  nearest  Compensa¬ 
tion  state. 

28.  Amount  and  Duration  of  Payments  to  Be  Reported. 

In  each  case  the  amount  of  compensation  to  be  reported  should  be  the 
actual  amount  of  compensation  paid  and  the  duration  of  injury  to  be 
reported  should  be  the  actual  duration  of  time  during  which  compensation 
has  been  paid,  plus  the  waiting  period  if  it  relates  to  Temporary  Total  dis¬ 
ability.  If,  for  example,  an  employee  is  entitled  to  receive  a  specific  indem¬ 
nity  for  two  hundred  (200)  weeks,  and  dies  of  natural  causes  before  the 
expiration  of  this  period  of  time,  leaving  no  person  or  persons  entitled  to 
receive  the  remainder  of  the  compensation,  the  duration  and  the  amount 
of  compensation  to  be  reported  should  be  the  actual  period  and  amount 
paid  to  deceased.  The  Bureau  is  interested  in  determining  the  exact  cost 
of  the  different  kinds  of  benefits.  Consequently,  it  desires  data  respecting 
the  actual  payments  made  and  not  the  theoretical  payments  required  under 
each  kind  of  benefit. 

29.  Method  of  Reporting  Experience. 

(a)  In  accordance  with  a  resolution  passed  by  the  Bureau  at  its  meet¬ 
ing  on  January  8,  1915,  all  the  members  of  the  Bureau  are  to  report  their 
compensation  experience  to  the  Bureau  according  to  the  Statistical  Com¬ 
mittee’s  plan  mailed  to  the  members  on  December  10,  1914,  in  one  of  the 
three  following  ways: 

(1)  The  company  will  punch  the  cards  and  send  them  to  the 
Bureau  for  compilation. 

(2)  The  company  will  send  accident  information  to  the  Bureau 
and  the  Bureau  will  punch  the  cards  and  compile  them  with  the 
cards  sent  by  other  companies. 

(3)  The  company  will  compile  its  own  experience  according  to  the 
method  prescribed  by  the  Bureau,  and  send  its  compilations  to  the 
Bureau,  where  it  will  be  combined  with  the  Bureau’s  compilation 
according  to  method  (1)  or  (2). 

(b)  It  is  earnestly  hoped  that  the  companies  will  furnish  their  experi¬ 
ence  in  accordance  with  plan  (1)  but  if  not  in  accordance  with  plan  (1), 
then  in  accordance  with  plan  (2).  Plan  (3)  is  deprecated  because  it  would 
require  the  Bureau’s  combining  its  compilations  with  the  compilations  of 
the  individual  companies.  Under  plan  (1)  or  (2)  the  work  of  the  Bureau 
would  consist  of  one  compilation,  which  would  not  be  possible  under 
plan  (3).  If  experience  is  reported  under  plan  (3),  every  time  a  change 
in  the  nature  of  compilation  is  made  the  company  using  such  plan  must 
change  its  compilation,  and  the  Bureau  must  make  a  combination  of  its 
compilation  with  the  compilation  of  the  experience  of  all  those  companies 
that  use  plan  (3).  Should  the  Bureau  after  compiling  on  a  “Classification 
Exposure”  decide  to  recompile  on  a  “Cause  of  Injury,”  “Nature  of  Injury” 
or  any  other  unit  taken  as  a  basis,  no  result  could  be  obtained  until  all  the 
companies  using  plan  (3)  had  reported.  It  would  necessitate  explaining  to 
the  companies  how  and  what  to  compile.  It  would  cause  delays.  And  the 
possibility  that  occasionally  a  company’s  compilation  would  not  accord  with 
the  compilation  desired  by  the  Bureau  is  not  to  be  underestimated. 

30.  Call  for  Experience. 

(a)  The  first  call  for  experience  under  this  plan  was  issued  by  the 
Bureau  on  November  6,  1914.  The  call  includes  experience  for  New  Jersey 
for  the  year  1911,  and  for  New  Jersey,  Massachusetts,  Illinois,  Michigan 
and  Rhode  Island  for  the  year  1912. 


10 


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SECTION  2.— PAID  ON  ACCIDENT  CARD— NON-FATAL  CASES. 


31.  “Designating  Number”  Field. 

The  first  field  on  the  Paid  on  Accident  card  is  “Designating  Number.” 
In  the  field  may  be  punched  the  accident  number,  claim  number,  or  any 
other  designating  number  an  individual  company  may  use.  By  numbering 
the  cards  the  Company  will  be  able  readily  to  locate  any  card  which  re¬ 
quires  repunching.  In  general,  this  system  will  assist  both  the  company 
and  the  Bureau  in  the  revision  or  correction  of  the  records. 


32.  “State”  Field. 

(a)  The  next  field  is  headed  “State.”  In  this  field  will  be  punched  the 
state  to  which  the  accident  is  referable,  and  this  will  be  the  state  to  which 
the  policy  covering  the  accident  is  charged. 

(b)  If  an  accident  is  extra-territorial,  that  is,  if  it  occurs  outside  the 
territorial  limits  of  the  state  where  the  contract  of  hire  was  made  and  of 
which  the  injured  employee  was  a  legal  resident  at  the  time  of  accident, 
the  state  to  be  punched  in  the  field  shall  be  that  in  which  the  contract  of 
hire  was  made  and  under  whose  compensation  act  the  claim  was  adjusted. 
In  addition,  the  letter  “E”  above  the  first  column  of  digits  must  be  punched 
and  the  state  where  the  accident  occurred  written  in  ink  on  the  face  of 
the  card. 

33.  “Issue”  Field. 

The  next  field  is  headed  “Issue”  which  is  an  abbreviation  of  the  heading 
“Year  of  Issue  of  Policy.”  In  the  field  will  be  punched  the  year  of  issue  of 
the  policy  under  which  the  accident  is  covered. 

34.  “Classification”  Field. 

The  next  field  is  headed  “Classification.”  The  classification  code  num¬ 
bers  will  be  found  in  the  “Basic  Manual”  and  in  the  Bureau  “Manual  Classi¬ 
fications  Code.”  The  numbers  appear  in  the  Basic  Manual  in  the  first 
column  to  the  right  of  the  classification.  For  instance,  the  classification 
code  symbol  for  “Absorbent  Cotton  Mfg.”  is  4690,  and  for  “Acetylene  Gas 
Machine  Mfg.”  3522.  These  classification  code  numbers,  and  no  others,  must 
be  used  for  punching  this  field. 

35.  “Accident  Date”  Field. 

The  next  is  “The  Accident  Date”  field,  in  which  will  be  punched  the  year 
and  the  month  in  which  the  accident  occurred.  The  limited  number  of 
columns  on  the  card  has  made  it  impossible  to  provide  space  for  the  day  of 
the  month. 


36. 


“Sex”  and  “Per  Cent  of  Impairment”  Field. 

(a)  The  letters  M  and  F  appearing  above  the  column  of  digits  will  be 
punched  to  denote  male  or  female.  For  the  remainder  of  this  field : 


(b) 


If  T 

“  1 
“  2 
“  3 
“  4 
“  5 
“  6 
“  7 
“  8 
“  9 


be  punched  it  denotes  Total  Disability. 

“  “  “  “  impairment  of  10%  or  less 

“  “  “  “  “  “  11%  to  20% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  21%  “  30% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  31%  “  40% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  41%  “  50% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  51%  “  60% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  61%  “  70% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  71%  “  80% 

“  “  “  “  “  “  81%  “  90% 


(c)  Any  percentages  of  impairment  over  90%  will  be  considered  Total 
Disability. 


11 


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(d)  The  “Per  Cent  of  Impairment”  field  applies  only  to  cases  where 
compensation  is  based  upon  temporary  or  permanent  impairment  of  earn¬ 
ing  power  as  a  consequence  of  dismemberment,  loss  of  use,  or  any  other  kind 
of  injury.  It  is,  therefore,  to  be  punched  only  in  connection  with  Perma¬ 
nent  Total,  Permanent  Partial  and  Temporary  Partial  disabilities. 

(e)  The  following  method  should  be  used  to  ascertain  the  degree  of  dis¬ 
ability  (percentage  of  impairment)  in  cases  of  dismemberment  or  loss  of  use : 

(1)  In  states  where  an  additional  benefit  is  payable  for  partial  dis¬ 
ability  following  dismemberment,  the  degree  of  partial  disability  shall 
be  ascertained  on  the  basis  of  the  difference  in  wages  paid  before  the 
injury  and  after  return  to  work.  To  illustrate:  Suppose  the  injured 
received  $15.00  per  week  before  the  accident  and  $10.00  per  week  after 
he  returned  to  work.  The  per  cent  of  his  impairment  is  determined  by 
dividing  the  amount  of  the  difference  in  wages  by  the  amount  he  re¬ 
ceived  before  the  injury  (5  divided  by  15  or  33%).  Note: — This 
method  of  calculation  is  to  be  applied  in  all  cases  of  partial  disability 
compensated  by  the  payment  of  a  percentage  of  the  weekly  loss  in 
wages. 

(2)  In  states  where  dismemberments  are  compensated  ON  A 
BASIS  OF  DEGREE  OF  DISABILITY  either  by  means  of  a  definite 
schedule  or  through  specific  awards  as  in  California,  such  awards  shall 
be  used  for  determining  the  degree  of  partial  disability. 

(f)  The  “Per  Cent  of  Impairment”  field  is  not  to  be  punched  for  dismem¬ 
berment  or  loss  of  use  cases  compensated  in  accordance  with  a  specific  dis¬ 
memberment  schedule,  as  this  method  of  payment  makes  it  impossible  to 
ascertain  the  degree  of  impairment. 

(g)  Where  the  earning  capacity  of  a  partially  disabled  workman  fluc¬ 
tuates,  and  where  consequently  the  amount  of  Temporary  Partial  or  Per¬ 
manent  Partial  benefit  varies  from  time  to  time,  do  not  report  the  various 
degrees  of  impairment,  but  instead  determine  the  average  degree  of  impair¬ 
ment  in  accordance  with  the  method  outlined  below. 

1.  Weekly  wages  before  accident,  $15. 

2.  Wages  earned  while  partially  disabled:  10  weeks  at  $5  =  $50; 
5  weeks  at  $8  =±  $40 ;  5  weeks  at  $10  =  $50 ;  total  for  20  weeks,  $140. 

3.  Amount  would  have  earned  during  the  20  weeks  at  regular 
wages  of  $15  =  $300. 

4.  $300  —  $140  earned  =  $160  or  loss  in  wages. 

5.  160  -r-  300  =  53%,  or  the  average  degree  of  impairment. 

37.  “Age  Group”  Field. 

The  age  of  an  injured  workman 
ance  with  the  following  code : 

Y . Ages  below  14 

X .  “  14  to  19 

0 .  “  20  “  24 

1  .  “  25  “  29 

2  .  “  30  “  34 

3  .  “  35  “  39 

38.  “Medical  Paid”  Field. 

(a)  The  sum  of  all  medical  payments  in  connection  with  any  case  shall 
be  punched  in  this  field.  This  applies  both  to  tabulatable  and  non-tabulat- 
able  accidents. 

(b)  If  the  sum  of  medical  payments  in  any  one  case  is  more  than 
$999.99,  an  additional  card  will  be  punched  for  the  excess  amount,  but  only 
one  of  the  cards  will  be  counted  as  an  accident,  if  the  accident  is  tabulat¬ 
able.  In  other  words,  the  Counter  digit  will  be  punched  on  one  card  only, 
if  the  accident  is  to  be  counted  by  reason  of  its  being  tabulatable. 


shall  be  punched  in  this  field  in  accord- 


4  . Ages  40  to  44 

5  .  “  45  “  49 

6  .  “  50  “  54 

7  .  “  55  “  59 

8  .  “  60  “  64 

9  .  “  65  and  over 


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(c)  All  medical  expense  incurred  for  the  benefit  of  the  insurance  com¬ 
pany  should  be  charged  to  Adjusting  Expenses  and  not  included  with  medi¬ 
cal  payments  reported  on  the  “Paid-on- Accident”  cards ;  but  all  medical  ex¬ 
penses  incurred  for  the  benefit  of  the  injured,  including  non-statutory  medi¬ 
cal,  should  be  charged  to  Medical  and  reported  on  the  cards  as  payments  for 
medical  services.  A  good  rule  to  follow  is  this :  All  examinations  made  by 
an  insurance  company  for  the  possible  production  thereof  as  evidence  before 
a  court  or  arbitrating  board  should  be  charged  to  Adjusting. 

39.  “Cause  of  Injury”  Field. 

(a)  This  field  is  divided  into  two  parts — one  consisting  of  a  single  column 
of  digits  to  the  left  of  the  dotted  line  and  headed  “Manner  of  Occurrence” ; 
the  other  consisting  of  three  columns  of  digits  to  the  right  of  the  dotted 
line.  The  letters  X  and  Y  which  appear  above  the  first  column  of  digits  to 
the  right  of  the  dotted  line  are  not  to  be  used  as  the  information  which  the 
Bureau  had  intended  to  derive  by  means  of  these  letters  is  no  longer  de¬ 
sired.* 

(b)  Both  divisions  of  this  field  are  required  to  properly  code  the  cause 
of  a  working  machine  accident.  In  the  first  part  of  the  field  will  be  stated 
the  manner  of  occurrence  of  the  machine  accident;  in  the  second  part  will 
be  punched  the  code  for  the  machine  causing  the  accident. 

(c)  The  code  for  causes  other  than  working  machines  will  be  punched  in 
the  division  of  the  field  consisting  of  three  columns  of  digits. 

(d)  When  punching  cards,  use  the  “Y”  key  to  skip  the  Manner  of  Oc¬ 
currence  column  if  the  accident  is  not  caused  by  a  working  machine. 

(e)  The  Cause  of  Injury  code,  which  is  to  be  used  in  connection  with 
this  field,  consists  of  three  parts,  namely: 

(1)  Working  Machines. 

(2)  Manner  of  Occurrence  in  connection  with  working  machinery. 

(3)  Causes  other  than  working  machines. 

The  first  two  codes  apply  to  accidents  caused  by  working  machines;  the 
last  one  to  accidents  due  to  other  causes. 

(f )  HOW  TO  DECIDE  WHETHER  AN  ACCIDENT  IS  DUE  TO 
“WORKING  MACHINE.”  In  general,  a  working  machine  accident  is  one 
which  arises  out  of,  or  is  contributed  to,  by  the  actual  operation  or  by  the 
moving  parts  of  a  machine  used  for  some  part  or  all  of  the  process  required 
to  convert  raw  material  into  the  finished  product.  For  the  purpose  of  this 
rule  accidents  incident  to  or  arising  out  of  the  operation  of  conveyors,  hoists, 
elevators,  steam  engines  and  other  power  generating  machinery  shall  not  be 
considered  working  machine  accidents.  Neither  shall  bumping  into  or  slip¬ 
ping  and  striking  against  the  corner  or  side  of  a  machine  be  classified  as  a 
working  machine  accident. 

40.  “Nature  of  Injury”  Field. 

(a)  This  field  is  divided  into  two  parts — one  consisting  of  a  column  of 
digits  to  the  left  of  the  dotted  line,  and  the  other  of  two  columns  of  digits 
to  the  right  of  the  dotted  line,  and  letters  L  and  R  appear  above  the  first 
column  of  digits. 

(b)  The  Nature  of  Injury  code  which  is  to  be  used  in  connection  with 
this  field  consists  of  two  parts: 

(1)  Symbols  indicating  the  nature  of  injury. 

(2)  Symbols  indicating  the  parts  of  body. 

In  the  first  column  of  digits  will  be  punched  the  nature  of  the  injury  as 
per  code — such  as  amputation,  fracture,  stiffness,  etc.  In  the  two  columns 
to  the  right  of  dotted  line  will  be  punched  the  part  of  body  affected  by  the 
injury. 


•An  accident  occurring  at  the  point  of  operation  of  a  working  machine  was  denoted  by  “X”  and 
one  due  to  the  construction  of  machine  was  denoted  by  “Y.” 


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(c)  The  letter  L  shall  be  punched  to  denote  an  injury  to  a  member  on  the 
left  side  of  body,  and  letter  R  to  denote  an  injury  to  a  member  on  the 
right  side. 

(d)  Occupational  diseases  shall  be  reported  in  this  field  in  accordance 
with  the  Occupational  Disease  Code.  This  code  shall  be  used  as  follows: 
The  digit  0  shall  be  punched  in  the  column  of  digits  to  the  left  of  the  dotted 
line  to  indicate  the  fact  that  the  injury  is  an  occupational  disease,  and  the 
name  of  the  disease  shall  be  entered  in  the  space  where  the  symbols  for 
parts  of  body  are  punched. 

(e)  Occupational  diseases  are  not  to  be  reported  in  states  where  it  has 
been  decided  that  occupational  diseases  are  not  covered. 

(f)  In  reporting  cases  of  multiple  amputations  in  combinations  not  cov¬ 
ered  by  the  code,  proceed  in  the  following  manner: 

(1)  Punch  digit  1  (Loss  or  Amputation)  in  column  to  the  left  of 
dotted  line  and  digits  94  (multiple  injuries)  in  column  to  the  right 
of  dotted  line. 

(2)  Write  in  ink  on  face  of  card  the  parts  amputated. 

(g)  In  the  case  of  minor  multiple  injuries,  the  method  of  procedure 
outlined  in  (2)  need  not  be  followed.  For  instance,  an  injury  consisting  of 
lacerations  and  contusions  of  chest,  head  and  arms  may  be  reported  as  594 
(Lacerations — Multiple) .  In  following  this  suggestion  good  judgment  should 
be  used  to  indicate  definitely  the  nature  of  injury  which  appears  to  be  the 
most  severe.  Refrain  as  far  as  possible  from  using  the  symbol  9  (all 
others),  for  the  value  of  the  experience  will  be  greatly  increased  if  there  is 
some  indication  of  the  nature  of  the  injury. 

(h)  In  the  case  of  eye  injuries,  use  symbol  9  (all  others)  to  describe 
the  nature  of  the  injury.  This  applies  to  all  eye  injuries  except  enucleation 
and  loss  of  use,  in  which  case  use  1  (amputation).  The  use  of  “9”  in  con¬ 
nection  with  the  eye  will  be  interpreted  by  the  Bureau  as  “Injuries  to 
Eye.” 

41.  “Weekly  Wage”  Field. 

(a)  No  space  has  been  provided  in  this  field  for  reporting  fractions  of  a 
dollar.  Count  as  one  dollar  ($1)  all  fractions  of  a  dollar  if  fifty  cents  or 
more,  rejecting  the  cents  if  less  than  fifty  cents. 

(b)  By  weekly  wage  shall  be  meant  the  amount  the  injured  was  regu¬ 
larly  receiving,  and  not  the  average  weekly  wage  upon  which  the  compensa¬ 
tion  is  generally  based. 

42.  “Kind  of  Injury”  Field. 

(a)  This  field,  consisting  of  a  single  column  of  digits,  appears  on  the 
card  as  a  subdivision  of  the  field  entitled  “Duration  of  Injury.”  In  reality 
it  has  nothing  to  do  with  this  field,  being  placed  there  merely  on  account  of 
lack  of  space  for  the  heading. 

(b)  In  this  field  shall  be  punched  the  symbol  indicating  the  group  to 
which  the  injury  has  been  assigned  in  accordance  with  the  code  entitled 
“Kind  of  Injury.” 

(c)  For  instructions  on  proper  classification  of  injuries  as  to  “Kind,” 
see  Part  1  of  Section  7  entitled  “Distinction  between  the  columns  ‘Kind  of 
Injury’  and  ‘Kind  of  Payment.’  ” 

43.  “Duration  of  Injury”  Field. 

(a)  This  field  is  divided  into  two  parts — one  entitled  “Weeks”  which 
consists  of  three  columns  of  digits  and  the  other  “Days,”  consisting  of  one 
column  of  digits.  In  the  “Days”  column  above  the  digits  appear  the  letters 
X  and  Y. 


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(b)  In  this  field  shall  be  punched  the  duration  of  the  injured  workman’s 
disability  expressed  in  terms  of  weeks  if  over  six  days.  The  duration  should 
be  determined  by  counting  every  day,  not  excepting  Sundays  and  holidays, 
beginning  with  the  day  of  injury  to  but  not  including  the  day  of  return  to 
work  and  the  result  divided  by  seven  to  reduce  the  days  to  weeks.  Do  not 
use  the  method  of  considering  only  the  number  of  working  days  and  then  di¬ 
viding  by  five  and  a  half  or  six.  The  days  numbering  less  than  a  week  will  be 
entered  in  “Days”  column,  counting  as  a  day  the  loss  of  half  or  larger  por¬ 
tions  of  a  working  day. 

(c)  If  the  waiting  period  is  two  weeks  and  the  injured  workman  is  dis¬ 
abled  for  over  a  week  but  not  more  than  two  weeks,  the  letter  Y  is  to  be 
punched.  If  the  disability  is  for  one  week  or  less,  the  letter  X  is  to  be 
punched. 

(d)  If  the  waiting  period  is  one  week,  the  letter  X  will  be  punched  to 
designate  all  disabilities  not  exceeding  one  week’s  duration. 

(e)  No  report  of  actual  time  lost  is  required  in  any  of  the  cases  stated 
in  (b)  and  (c),  though  any  company  desiring  to  report  this  information 
may  do  so.  The  letters  X  and  Y  must  be  punched  whether  the  actual  time 
is  reported  or  not.  This  is  to  enable  the  Bureau  to  sort  out  the  accidents 
where  the  duration  of  disability  does  not  exceed  the  waiting  period  and  thus 
to  arrive  at  the  number  of  non-compensatable  accidents. 

(f)  The  duration  of  temporary  total  disability  in  cases  where  the  dis¬ 
ability  extends  beyond  the  waiting  period  is  the  duration  of  payment  for 
such  disability  plus  the  waiting  period. 

(g)  The  duration  of  temporary  partial  disabilities  shall  be  determined 
and  reported  as  follows: 

(1)  If  the  temporary  partial  disability  commences  on  the  day  of 
injury  and  extends  beyond  the  waiting  period,  the  duration  of  the 
disability  is  the  duration  of  payments  for  such  disability  plus  the 
waiting  period. 

(2)  If  the  temporary  partial  disability  is  preceded  by  temporary 
total  disability,  the  duration  of  partial  disability  must  be  reported  on 
one  card  and  that  of  total  disability  on  another  card. 

(3)  If  the  partial  disability  in  such  cases  occurs  and  ends  within 
the  waiting  period,  so  that  no  compensation  for  partial  disability  is 
made,  indicate  that  the  duration  reported  is  that  of  partial  disability 
by  punching  symbol  12  (Temp.  Partial  Payment)  in  “Kind  of  Pay¬ 
ment”  column.  (Such  cases  will  be  extremely  infrequent.) 

(h)  In  all  cases  of  permanent  total  disability  the  duration  of  payments 
shall  be  punched  for  checking  purposes  only. 

(i)  The  duration  of  disability  in  dismemberment  or  loss  of  use  cases 
shall  be  determined  and  reported  as  follows : 

(1)  Temporary  Total  Disability — In  this  regard  the  states  may  be 
divided  into  two  groups: 

(a)  States  in  which  benefits  are  paid  for  the  period  of  tem¬ 
porary  total  disability  in  addition  to  the  specific  benefit. 

(b)  States  in  which  the  specific  benefit  is  exclusive  of  all 
other  payments. 

In  case  of  states  in  group  (a)  the  duration  of  payments  for  tem¬ 
porary  total  disability  plus  the  waiting  period  shall  be  taken  as 
the  duration  of  the  temporary  total  disability. 

In  case  of  states  in  group  (b)  it  is  extremely  desirable  to  ascertain 
the  duration  of  temporary  total  disability.  If  available,  report  such 
information  on  a  separate  card,  and  punch  symbol  11  (Temp.  Total 
Payment)  in  column  “Kind  of  Payment.”  This  will  indicate  that  the 
duration  is  that  of  temporary  total  disability  in  connection  with  dis¬ 
memberment. 


15 


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(2)  Permanent  Partial  or  Temporary  Partial  Disability: 

(a)  In  some  States  additional  benefits  are  payable  for  par¬ 
tial  disability  in  cases  of  dismemberment.  In  such  states  the 
period  for  which  such  payments  have  been  made  shall  be  re¬ 
corded. 

(b)  Where  the  payments  for  dismemberment  are  exclusively 
on  the  basis  of  a  specific  dismemberment  schedule  the  period  of 
partial  disability  following  the  injury  is  not  ascertainable. 

(3)  Specific  Dismemberment  Benefits: — In  all  cases  of  dismember¬ 
ment  the  duration  of  the  specific  dismemberment  payments  shall  be 
punched  for  checking  purposes  only. 

(j)  Important — In  an  injury  results  in  more  than  one  kind  of  disability 
— that  is,  if  the  disability  is  first  Temporary  Total  and  then  Temporary 
Partial  or  Permanent  Partial,  the  duration  of  the  various  disabilities  must 
be  reported  on  separate  cards.  This  rule  should  be  applied  jointly  with 
Rule  22.  Also  see  Rule  45  for  instructions  regarding  the  punching  of  the 
Counter  column  in  such  cases. 

44.  “Compensation  Paid”  Field, 

(a)  This  field  contains  a  two-digital  column  entitled  “Kind  of  Pay¬ 
ment”  and  a  main  column  entitled  “Compensation  Paid.”  The  Compensa¬ 
tion  Paid  column  is  divided  into  two  parts — one  containing  four  columns  of 
digits  for  dollars  and  the  other  two  columns  of  digits  for  cents. 

(b)  The  “Cents”  column  was  inserted  for  the  benefit  of  the  companies. 
The  losses  may  be  stated  in  dollars  only  provided  any  fraction  of  a  dollar 
if  fifty  cents  or  more  is  counted  as  a  dollar. 

(c)  In  the  column  “Kind  of  Payment”  will  be  entered  the  informa¬ 
tion  in  accordance  with  the  code  entitled  “Kinds  of  Benefit  Compensation 
Losses”  to  indicate  the  kind  of  disability  compensated  by  the  amount  en¬ 
tered  in  Compensation  Paid  column. 

(d)  If  the  digit  9  is  punched  in  column  “Kind  of  Payment,”  it  will 
mean  that  anything  in  the  Compensation  Paid  column  is  the  amount  of 
damage  paid  under  a  “Liability”  Settlement,  and  anything  in  Medical  Paid 
field  is  the  cost  of  first  aid  or  medical  treatment  in  connection  with  such 
settlement.  (Rule  18  defines  Liability  Settlement.) 

(e)  Allocated  adjusting  expenses  in  connection  with  “Liability”  claims 
must  be  reported  on  “Paid  on  Accident”  cards.  The  amount  of  the  adjusting 
expense  will  be  punched  in  Compensation  Paid  column  and  designated  as 
such  by  punching  symbol  29  in  Kind  of  Payment  column. 

(f)  All  Claim  Expenses  other  than  those  incurred  in  connection  with 
“Liability”  claims  must  be  reported  in  bulk  in  accordance  with  Rule  17. 

(g)  Lump  Sum  Payment,  as  defined  in  (h),  will  be  designated  by  punch¬ 
ing  the  letter  L  above  the  first  zero  digit  in  “Kind  of  Payment”  column, 
and  Lump  Sum  Settlements,  as  defined  in  (i),  by  punching  position  Y  imme¬ 
diately  above  the  letter  L.  Of  course,  information  in  regard  to  the  kind  of 
disability  so  compensated  must  also  be  punched  in  accordance  with  Rule  (c) . 

(h)  A  Lump  Sum  Payment  is  a  payment  made  in  strict  accordance  with 

the  provisions  of  a  compensation  act.  These  payments  represent  in  each 
case  the  present  value  of  a  definitely  known  series  of  future  installments, 
whether  discounted  or  not.  < 

(i)  A  Lump  Sum  Settlement  is  a  payment  to  discharge  a  liability  for 
the  payment  of  compensation  that  is  not  made  in  strict  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  a  Workman’s  Compensation  Act.  Payments  of  this  character 
do  not  represent  the  present  value  of  a  definite  number  of  future  install¬ 
ments,  but  rather  the  settlement  for  an  agreed  sum,  of  cases  where  the 
fact  of  injury  is  questionable  or  where  the  extent  and  future  duration  of 
disability  cannot  be  determined  and  an  immediate  settlement  is  desired. 


16 


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(j)  Note: — The  payment  in  one  sum  of  weekly  benefits  which,  for  any 
reason,  have  been  deferred  until  the  entire  amount  due  the  injured  to  date 
has  accrued  and  become  due,  does  not  constitute  a  Lump  Sum  Payment  nor 
a  Lump  Sum  Settlement.  Such  payments  shall  be  treated  the  same  as  if 
they  were  periodical  payments. 

(k)  The  following  procedure  shall  apply  where  future  installments  are 
commuted  to  a  lump  sum  after  a  part  of  the  compensation  due  the  injured 
has  been  paid  in  weekly  installments: 

(1)  If  the  commuted  period  represents  a  considerable  period  of 
time  and  constitutes  at  least  35%  of  the  total  compensatable  period, 
add  the  lump  sum  to  the  periodical  payments  and  report  the  entire 
amount  as  a  Lump  Sum  Payment.  This,  of  course,  applies  when 
dealing  with  the  payment  of  only  one  kind  of  benefit.  When  two  kinds 
of  benefit  are  involved,  as  for  example,  Temporary  Total  and  Specific 
Dismemberment,  and  all  of  Temporary  Total  benefit  has  been  paid  in 
weekly  instalments,  report  Temporary  Payments  separately  as  weekly 
payments  and  apply  the  above  rule  strictly  with  reference  to  the 
duration  and  the  amount  of  the  Dismemberment  benefit. 

(2)  In  all  cases  where  the  commuted  value  is  preceded  by  a  period 
during  which  periodical  payments  have  been  made,  the  periodical 
payments,  exclusive  of  medical,  shall  be  added  to  the  commuted  value 
and  the  sum  of  these  items  shall  be  reported  as  the  commuted  value. 
If  the  commuted  value  is  in  connection  with  an  accident  concerning 
which  information  has  been  reported  to  the  Bureau  at  a  prior  date, 
the  information  previously  reported  shall  be  cancelled  by  a  contra 
card  and  the  complete  information  furnished  on  a  new  positive  card. 
This  procedure  will  avoid  duplication  of  payments  made  prior  to  com¬ 
mutation  which  has  already  been  reported  to  the  Bureau. 

45.  “Counter”  Column. 

(a)  If  digit  1  is  punched  in  this  column,  it  will  mean  that  the  case  is 
to  be  counted  as  a  tabulatable  accident.  (See  Rule  8  for  definition  of  a 
tabulatable  accident.) 

(b)  The  following  direction  is  very  important.  If  two  or  more  “Paid 
on  Accident”  cards  are  used  in  connection  with  any  one  accident,  either 
at  the  time  of  first  report  of  the  accident  to  the  Bureau  or  subsequently, 
care  should  be  exercised  not  to  punch  the  Counter  digit  on  more  than  one 
of  the  cards,  otherwise  the  machine  will  record  such  information  on  the 
other  cards  as  additional  accidents,  with  the  result  that  the  Bureau’s 
tabulation  would  account  for  more  accidents  than  actually  occurred. 

(c)  This  direction  is  equally  applicable  to  Outstanding  cards. 

46.  General  Rule. 

(a)  Every  tabulatable  accident  must  be  reported  on  a  Paid  on  Accident 
card  even  if  no  amount  has  as  yet  been  paid  thereon,  because  all  tabulatable 
accidents  must  be  counted  as  accidents  and  this  can  be  accomplished  in  no 
other  practicable  way. 


17 


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SECTION  3— FATAL  PAID-ON-ACCIDENT  CARDS 


47.  Companies  Not  to  Punch  Fatal  Cards. 

(a)  In  accordance  with  the  resolution  adopted  by  the  sub-committee  on 
Bureau  Compensation  Plan,  the  companies  are  not  required  to  punch  cards 
for  fatal  accidents,  but  instead  are  to  supply  the  information  in  the  fullest 
detail  on  special  report  cards  which  will  be  furnished  by  the  Statistical 
Department  of  the  Bureau.  From  the  data  supplied  on  these  special  re¬ 
port  cards  the  Bureau  will  punch  the  “fatal”  Hollerith  cards. 

(b)  It  will  be  noted  that  the  following  rules  read  as  if  the  Bureau  com¬ 
panies  were  expected  to  use  them  in  punching  fatal  cards.  They  are  rather 
to  govern  the  Bureau  in  the  punching  of  fatal  cards,  but  are  placed  here 
to  guide  the  companies  in  the  preparation  of  the  data  for  the  special  re¬ 
port  cards.  It  is  desirable  that  the  companies  know  the  rules  and  pro¬ 
cedure  of  the  Bureau  with  reference  to  the  treatment  of  information  on 
fatal  accidents.  A  clear  understanding  of  what  the  Plan  requires  will  help 
the  companies  in  supplying  the  necessary  information  on  the  special  report 
cards. 


48. 


Fields  to  Which  Rules  for  Similar  Fields  on  Non-Fatal  Cards  Apply. 

The  rules  which  apply  to  non-fatal  cards  as  respects  the  fields  enumer¬ 
ated  below  shall  govern  the  same  fields  on  the  Fatal  cards. 


Designating  No. 
State 

Year  of  Issue 
Classification 


Accident  Date 
Sex 

Age  Group 
Medical  Paid 


Cause  of  Injury 
Weekly  Wage 
Counter 


The  information  to  be  entered  in  the  remaining  fields  shall  be  handled  in 
accordance  with  the  following  rules : 

49.  “Marital  State”  Field. 

The  letters  M  above  digit  1,  S  above  2,  W  above  3,  D  above  4,  S  above  5 
and  U  above  6,  denote  respectively  Married,  Single,  Widowed,  Divorced, 
Separated,  Unknown,  and  one  of  these  letters  shall  be  punched  to  represent 
deceased  employee’s  marital  condition. 

50.  “Dependents”  Field. 

(a)  In  this  field  shall  be  punched  the  number  of  persons  dependent  upon 
the  earnings  of  the  deceased  employee  for  support  at  the  time  of  the  ac¬ 
cident,  as  determined  by  investigation  and  appearing  in  the  records  of  the 
case.  In  conformity  with  the  statistical  requirements,  the  field  is  sub¬ 
divided  into  four  parts,  each  consisting  of  a  single  column  of  digits  for  the 
distribution  of  dependents  to  four  general  groups,  i.e.,  Widows  (including 
Widowers),  Children,  Other  Total  Dependents,  and  Partial  Dependents. 

(b)  For  the  purpose  of  this  Plan,  the  following  persons  shall  be  con¬ 
sidered  dependents  and  reported  as  such  notwithstanding  other  provisions 
in  some  Acts  to  the  contrary:  (1)  Surviving  widow  (or  widower)  and  all 
children  under  18  years  of  age  (or  over  such  age,  if  incapacitated  from 
earning),  step-children,  posthumous  children  and  illegitimate  children  to  be 
included  as  children;  (2)  All  persons  other  than  widow  and  children,  actu¬ 
ally  dependent,  wholly  or  in  part,  regardless  of  whether  they  are  entitled  to 
benefits  or  not;  (3)  Surviving  parents,  whether  dependent  or  not,  in  all 
cases  where  the  victim  of  the  fatal  accident  is  under  21  years  of  age. 

(c)  Column  “SPOUSE.”  If  a  spouse  survives  deceased,  digit  1  shall  be 
punched  in  this  column,  indicating  whether  husband  or  wife  by  punching 
letter  H  or  W.  For  the  purpose  of  this  Plan,  a  widower,  whether  depen¬ 
dent  or  not,  shall  be  considered  dependent  in  all  cases.* 


•The  rule  relative  to  widowers  was  adopted  for  the  following  reasons :  In  a  number  of  States  a 
widower,  regardless  of  questions  of  health  or  ability  to  earn  a  living,  is  conclusively  presumed  to  be  a 
dependent.  Moreover,  he  is  considered  a  preferred  dependent,  in  the  sense  that  he  alone  is  entitled  to  the 
death  benefit.  Other  States  may  make  similar  provisions ;  Acts  which  at  present  exclude  able-bodied  wid¬ 
owers  may  be  amended  to  include  them.  These  considerations  necessitate  the  gathering  of  data  relative  to 
surviving  widowers  in  fatal  cases.  In  tabulating  the  surviving  legal  dependents  by  States,  able-bodied 
widowers,  of  course,  will  be  eliminated  in  certain  cases. 


18 


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(d)  Column  “CHILDREN.”  The  proper  digit  shall  be  punched  in  this 
column  to  represent  the  number  of  children  under  18  years  of  age  surviv¬ 
ing  the  deceased  employee,  including  those  over  such  age  who  are  men¬ 
tally  or  physically  disabled  from  earning.* 

(e)  Column  “OTHER  TOTAL  DEPENDENTS.”  The  proper  digit  shall 
be  punched  in  this  column  to  represent  the  number  of  dependents  other 
than  spouse  and  children,  wholly  dependent  upon  deceased  at  the  time  of 
accident,  regardless  of  whether  they  are  entitled  to  benefits  or  not. 

(f)  Column  “PARTIAL  DEPENDENTS.”  The  proper  digit  shall  be 
punched  in  this  column  to  represent  the  number  of  dependents,  other  than 
spouse  and  children,  who  are  partially  dependent  upon  deceased  at  the  time 
of  accident,  regardless  of  whether  they  are  entitled  to  benefits  or  not. 

51.  “Duration  of  Payment”  Field. 

(a)  In  this  field  shall  be  punched  the  number  of  weeks  during  which 
payments  were  made  to  or  on  account  of  beneficiaries  indicated  in  “Kind 
of  Payment”  column. 

(b)  If  the  death  benefit  is  commuted  to  a  lump  sum  payment  the  dura¬ 
tion  of  the  commuted  payments  need  not  be  reported.  Care  should  be  taken 
in  these  cases  to  enter  the  letter  “L.” 

(c)  In  all  cases  where  lump  sum  settlements  or  payments  are  made  a 
detailed  statement  of  the  conditions  under  which  these  payments  were  made 
should  be  stated  in  the  space  provided  for  remarks.  This  statement  should 
indicate : 

1.  Whether  settlement  or  payment  was  approved  by  Industrial 
Accident  Board  or  Commission. 

2.  Reasons  for  making  such  payment  or  settlement  from  the  stand¬ 
point  of  company  or  injured  person. 

3.  In  cases  of  lump  sum  payment: 

(a)  Period  of  commutation  expressed  in  weeks;  that  is,  the 
period  payments  would  have  continued  had  lump  sum  payment 
not  been  made. 

(b)  Effective  rate  of  interest. 

(c)  Table  of  mortality  used. 

52.  “Compensation  Paid”  Field. 

(a)  This  field,  as  in  the  case  of  non-fatal  cards,  is  divided  into  two 
parts,  the  headings  of  which  are  “Kind  of  Payment”  and  “Compensation 
Paid — Dollars  and  Cents.” 

(b)  “Kind  of  Payment”  column.  The  Fatal  part  of  the  code  entitled 
“Kinds  of  Benefits  Compensation  Losses”  shall  be  used  in  connection  with 
this  column  to  indicate  the  kind  of  loss  punched  in  “Compensation  Paid” 
column.  The  designations  of  the  various  symbols  in  the  code  in  themselves 
suggest  the  basis  for  the  segregation  of  losses.  In  no  case  shall  payments 
made  to  surviving  dependents  be  allocated  on  the  basis  of  distribution 
ordered  by  the  Industrial  Board  or  Court;  in  all  cases  they  shall  be  allo¬ 
cated  strictly  in  accordance  with  the  following  rules : 

(c)  The  total  of  payments  made  on  account  of  dependency  of  a  widow 
(or  widower)  alone,  or  on  account  of  widow  (or  widower)  and  children,  shall 
be  charged  to  “02 — Pension  to  Widow.”  The  total  payments  made  on  ac¬ 
count  of  dependency  of  a  child  or  children  where  no  widow  (or  dependent 


•The  Rule  regarding  the  inclusion  as  dependents  of  all  children  under  18  years  of  age  was  adopted 
for  similar  reasons.  In  some  States  children  are  considered  dependent  only  up  to  14  years  of  age ;  in  other 
States,  up  to  16  years  of  age,  and  in  about  half  the  Compensation  States,  up  to  the  age  of  18  years. 

Eighteen  seems  to  be  the  generally  accepted  age  limit  as  regards  dependency  of  children.  In  the  com¬ 
pilation  of  statistics  relative  to  dependents  of  deceased  workmen,  it  is  therefore  essential  to  ascertain 

the  number  of  children  under  the  age  of  18.  Children  over  14  and  16  years  of  age  will  likewise  be  elimi¬ 

nated  in  certain  cases  from  tabulations  of  surviving  legal  dependents. 


19 


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widower)  survives,  shall  be  charged  to  “03 — Pension  to  Children.”  Where 
neither  widow  nor  children  survive,  the  entire  amount  of  the  benefits  paid 
on  account  of  any  dependent  or  dependents  wholly  dependent  shall  be 
charged  to  “04 — Other  Total  Dependents.”  In  no  case  shall  any  part  of  the 
benefits  paid  be  allocated  to  “05 — Partial  Dependents”  where  at  least  one 
beneficiary  is  wholly  dependent. 

(d)  Rule  (c)  applies  to  all  Compensation  States  except  as  follows: 
Louisiana,  Minnesota,  Nevada,  New  Jersey,  New  York,  Oregon,  Pennsyl¬ 
vania,  Vermont,  Washington  and  Wyoming. 

The  explanation  for  this  rule  will  be  found  in  the  fact  that  all  compen¬ 
sation  states  with  the  exceptions  noted  provide  practically  the  same  general 
method  of  payment  which  is  this: 

The  number  of  beneficiaries  does  not  affect  the  amount  to  be  paid. 
The  same  percentage  of  the  weekly  wage  (50  or  65  or  66  2/3 %  accord¬ 
ing  to  the  State  that  we  are  dealing  with)  is  paid  for  a  definite  period 
in  the  case  of  one  beneficiary  as  in  that  of  two  or  more  beneficiaries. 
Thus  a  widow  with  five  children  in  the  State  of  Connecticut  will  get 
no  more  than  a  widow  with  no  children  at  all,  everything  else,  of 
course,  being  equal. 

In  these  States  the  existence  of  a  widow  eliminates  all  other  de¬ 
pendents  from  participation  in  the  benefits.  Children  of  deceased 
workmen,  where  no  widow  survives,  become  the  sole  beneficiaries. 
Dependents  other  than  widow  and  children  are  entitled  to  benefits 
only  when  no  widow  and  children  survive.  Partial  dependents  are 
entitled  to  benefits  when  none  totally  dependent  survives  the  deceased. 

Note:  For  the  sake  of  simplicity  the  rules  regarding  allocation 
of  payments  in  the  States  of  Louisiana,  Minnesota,  Nevada,  New 
Jersey,  New  York,  Oregon,  Pennsylvania,  Vermont,  Washington  and 
Wyoming  cover  cases  where  the  beneficiaries  are  the  widow  alone, 
widow  with  children,  or  children  alone. 

*  (e)  Method  of  Allocation  in  Oregon,  Washington,  Wyoming.  In  these 
three  States  a  flat  amount  per  month  is  allowed  for  a  widow  and  an  addi¬ 
tional  amount  for  each  surviving  child.  Where  a  widow  and  children  are 
the  sole  beneficiaries,  the  amount  of  the  benefit  in  excess  of  that  which  the 
widow  is  entitled  to  shall  be  charged  to  “03 — Pension  to  Children.” 

NOTES. 

Oregon — Widow  $30.00  per  month;  for  each  child  $6.00  a  month 
additional;  total  not  to  exceed  $50.00  per  month. 

Washington — Widow  $20.00  per  month ;  for  each  child  $5.00  a  month 
additional;  total  not  to  exceed  $35.00  per  month. 

Wyoming — Widow  $1,000  in  a  lump  sum  (irrespective  of  wages 
earned  by  deceased) ;  for  each  child  in  addition  the  present  worth  of 
$60.00  payable  until  16  years  of  age,  the  aggregate  to  children  not  to 
exceed  $1,000. 

(f)  Method  of  Allocation  in  New  York,  Pennsylvania  and  Vermont.  In 

these  States  the  benefit  to  a  widow  is  a  certain  percentage  of  the  wages 
with  definite  maximum  and  minimum  limits  as  to  wages.  In  case  of 
widows  with  children  the  percentage  of  wages  is  progressively  increased 
with  the  number  of  children  the  widow  has.  The  method  of  allocating  the 
death  benefit  in  the  above  States  can  best  be  explained  by  means  of  an  ex¬ 
ample  in  the  State  of  Pennsylvania.  1 

Deceased  earned  $35  per  week  and  left  a  widow  with  five  children. 
The  widow  with  five  children  is  entitled  to  60%  of  $20.00  (maximum 
wage  allowance)  or  $12.00. 

The  widow  alone  is  entitled  to  40%  of  $20.00  or  $8.00.  The  differ¬ 
ence  (or  $4.00)  to  be  allocated  to  “03 — Pension  to  Children.” 


20 


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NOTES. 

New  York — Wages  not  taken  at  more  than  $100.00.  (No  minimum 
wage  provision.)  Widow  alone  30%  of  wage;  for  each  child  10%  addi¬ 
tional,  the  aggregate  not  to  exceed  66  2/3%  of  wages. 

Pennsylvania — Wages  taken  at  not.  more  than  $20.00  and  not  less 
than  $10.00  a  week.  Widow  alone  40%,  widow  and  child  45%,  and 
so  on  up  to  60%  in  the  case  of  a  widow  with  four  or  more  children. 

Vermont — Wages  taken  at  not  more  than  $25.00  per  week  and  not 
less  than  five  dollars.  Widow  alone  33  1/3%  of  wages,  increasing  to 
45%  in  case  of  widow  with  three  or  more  children. 

(g)  Method  of  Allocation  in  Louisiana  and  Minnesota — With  one  excep¬ 
tion  these  States  provide  practically  the  same  method  for  computing  bene¬ 
fits  as  the  States  of  New  York,  Pennsylvania  and  Vermont.  The  exception 
is  that  instead  of  computing  benefits  on  the  basis  of  wage  limits,  the  per¬ 
centages  allowed  the  various  beneficiaries  are  applied  to  the  actual  wage 
and  the  resulting  amounts  decreased  if  in  excess  of  the  maximum  benefit 
allowance  or  increased  if  below  the  minimum  provision.  Though  this  may 
appear  as  a  distinction  without  a  difference,  the  latter  method  complicates 
the  problem  of  ascertaining  the  proper  amounts  chargeable  to  Widows  and 
Children,  particularly  if  we  deal  with  low  and  high  wages. 

The  following  concrete  examples  for  Minnesota  will  illustrate  the  diffi¬ 
culty  and  at  the  same  time  point  the  way  to  the  proper  method  of  allocat¬ 
ing  death  benefits: 

Example  No.  1.  Workmen  earning  $9.00  per  week  leaves  a  widow 
and  two  children: 

Benefits  Payable: 

The  widow  is  entitled  to  35%  of  $9.00  or  $3.15  per  week. 

The  widow  and  children  are  entitled  to  55%  of  $9.00  or  $4.95  per 
week. 

The  law,  however,  provides  that  the  minimum  benefits  to  any  one 
beneficiary  totally  dependent  shall  be  not  less  than  $6.50  per  week 
where  the  wage  is  $6.50  or  more.  It  is  therefore  evident  that  were 
the  widow  the  sole  beneficiary,  the  cost  would  be  $6.50  and  that  the 
presence  of  children  in  a  case  like  this  adds  nothing  to  the  cost  of 
compensation.  \ 

Example  No.  2.  Workman  earning  $35.00  per  week  leaves  a  widow 
and  two  children. 

Benefits  Payable: 

The  widow  is  entitled  to  35%  of  $35.00  or  $12.25  per  week. 

The  widow  and  children  are  entitled  to  55%  of  $35.00  or  $19.25 
per  week.  ; 

The  law,  however,  limits  compensation  to  a  maximum  of  $11.00  per 
week,  which  is  less  than  the  widow  herself  would  be  entitled  to  in 
the  above  case  had  there  been  no  maximum  benefit  provision. 

It  is  thus  seen  that  in  cases  of  low  and  high  wages  the  presence 
of  children  rarely  affects  the  cost  of  compensation  in  these  States. 
The  foregoing  considerations  form  the  basis  for  the  following  rule: 

Whenever  the  presence  of  children  does  not  alter  the  amount  of 
compensation  which  would  have  been  payable  to  the  widow  had  there 
been  no  surviving  children  the  entire  amount  shall  be  charged  to 
“02 — Pension  to  Widow.” 

(h)  Method  of  Allocation  in  New  Jersey.  The  rule  pertaining  to  Louisi¬ 
ana  and  Minnesota  applies  to  this  State  as  well.  New  Jersey  is  given  indi¬ 
vidual  treatment  owing  to  this  condition :  In  providing  the  basis  for  com¬ 
puting  death  benefits  the  Act  does  not  consider  dependents  from  the  point 
of  view  of  their  relationship  to  the  deceased  workman.  Neither  is  the  ex¬ 
tent  of  their  dependency  taken  into  account.  All  dependents  are  treated 


21 


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as  persons  and  one  person  is  allowed  30%  of  wages,  two  persons  35%,  etc. 
Where  a  widow  survives,  the  widow  for  the  purpose  of  the  plan  shall  in  all 
cases  be  considered  as  the  person  entitled  to  30%  of  wages.  In  all  other 
respects  the  method  outlined  for  Louisiana  and  Minnesota  shall  apply. 

53.  “Special  Information”  Field. 

(a)  The  information  called  for  in  this  field  shall  be  supplied  in  con¬ 
formity  with  the  following  illustration: 


Relationship 

Age  time 

Extent  of 

Bene- 

Non-Res. 

Weekly  Benefit 

to  Deceased 

of  Acc’t. 

Dependency 

ficiary 

Alien  ? 

%  Wage 

Am’t. 

Wife 

40 

Total 

Yes 

No 

40% 

$8.00 

Son 

14 

U 

U 

“) 

Daughter 

12 

a 

u 

“) 

20% 

4.00 

Son 

9 

u 

u 

“) 

Mother 

62 

Partial  5% 

No 

Yes 

Father 

67 

U  U 

(i 

a 

Time  elapsed  between  accident  and  death  of  injured . 10  days 

Time  elapsed  between  accident  and  remarriage  of  widow . 22  mos. 

Was  widow  legally  married  to  deceased  . Yes 

Have  dependents  been  located . * . Yes 

Time  elapsed  between  acc’t  and  death  of  beneficiary — 

(son  of  14) . 2  yrs.  3  mos. 

Occupational  disease  causing  death . Lead  Poisoning 

Other  remarks  . Daughter,  cripple 

(b)  “Relationship  to  Deceased”  Column.  The  number  of  dependents 
listed  in  this  column  shall  correspond  to  the  number  entered  in  the  “De¬ 
pendents”  field. 

(c)  “Age  Time  of  Accident”  Column.  The  age  for  each  dependent  shall 
be  that  of  the  nearest  birthday,  if  this  can  be  ascertained. 

(d)  “Extent  of  Dependency”  Column.  Where  dependency  is  shown  as 
Partial,  the  extent  of  the  partial  dependency,  expressed  in  percentages, 
shall  also  be  given.  The  extent  shall  be  determined  by  dividing  the  amount 
of  the  average  weekly  contribution  to  the  support  of  each  partial  depen¬ 
dent  by  the  average  weekly  wages  of  the  deceased  workman. 

(e)  “Beneficiary”  column.  Indicate  for  each  dependent  listed  by  “yes” 
or  “no”  whether  beneficiary  or  not.  Beneficiaries  mean  such  of  the  surviv¬ 
ing  dependents  of  the  deceased  workman  in  whom  is  vested  the  present 
right  to  receive  payments  under  the  Act. 

(f)  “Non-Resident  Alien”  column.  Indicate  for  each  dependent  listed 
by  “yes”  or  “no”  whether  non-resident  alien  or  not.  The  name  of  the  coun¬ 
try  need  not  be  shown  except  in  the  case  of  alien  dependents  residing  in 
Canada. 

(g)  “Weekly  Benefit”  column.  The  percentage  of  wages  and  the  amount 
of  weekly  benefit  the  widow  is  entitled  to  should  always  be  stated  sepa¬ 
rately.  In  the  case  of  other  beneficiaries  state  this  information  for  groups 
collectively,  the  groups  to  be  considered  on  broad  lines  of  relationship,  as 
for  example,  children,  parents,  etc. 


22 


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SECTION  4— OUTSTANDING  CARD. 


54.  All  Other  Fields. 

The  rules  for  the  following  fields  are  the  same  as  apply  to  corresponding 
fields  on  PAID  ON  ACCIDENT  cards : 

Designating  Number  Accident  Date  Cause  of  Injury 

State  Sex  Nature  of  Injury 

Issue  Per  Cent  Imp’t  Weekly  Wages 

Classification  Age  Group 

The  information  to  be  entered  in  the  remaining  fields  shall  be  handled 
in  accordance  with  the  following  rules: 

55.  Outstanding  Medical. 

The  estimates  of  outstanding  medical  shall  be  stated  in  dollars  only,  all 
fractions  of  a  dollar  if  fifty  cents  or  more  to  be  counted  as  one  dollar. 

56.  Column  “Kind”  in  Estimated  Outstanding  Duration  Field. 

In  this  column  shall  be  punched  the  proper  symbol  to  indicate  the  group 
to  which  the  injury  belongs,  the  classification  of  the  injury  to  be  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  Kind  of  Injury  code. 

57.  Column  “Weeks”  in  Estimated  Outstanding  Duration  Field. 

(a)  In  this  column  shall  be  punched  the  number  of  weeks  of  future 
duration  estimated  as  of  date  to  which  the  completed  experience  has  been 
brought  down ;  any  part  of  a  week  over  three  days  to  be  counted  as  a  week. 

(b)  Duration  with  reference  to  this  column  shall  be  taken  to  mean 
the  duration  of  the  period  during  which  payments  are  estimated  to  be  due. 
The  outstanding  duration  will  be  indicated  in  all  cases  when  the  injured 
person  is  entitled  to  benefits  under  a  specific  schedule  or  for  the  maximum 
period  allowed  by  statutes.  Other  cases  will  require  a  careful  estimate  of 
the  duration  of  outstanding  disability. 

(c)  If  several  kinds  of  disability  are  comprised  in  the  estimate  the  out¬ 
standing  duration  of  each  kind  of  disability  or  payment  must  be  reported  on 
a  separate  card. 

(d)  If  the  duration  of  payments  is  for  life  and  the  same  rate  of  weekly 
benefit  is  paid  throughout,  as  in  the  State  of  New  York,  do  not  punch 
anything  in  the  “Weeks”  column,  but  instead  punch  the  letter  X  and  the 
symbol  for  PERMANENT  TOTAL  in  column  “Kind”  and  write  in  ink  in 
the  “Weeks”  column  the  age  attained  by  the  injured  on  the  date  from 
which  the  outstanding  estimate  is  computed. 

(e)  If  the  duration  of  payments  is  for  life  and  the  weekly  benefit  rate 
is  reduced  after  a  certain  period,  as  in  the  States  of  California,  Illinois  and 
Nebraska,  do  not  punch  the  “Weeks”  column,  but  instead  punch  the  letter 
X  and  the  symbol  for  PERMANENT  TOTAL  in  column  “Kind”  and  write 
in  the  “Weeks”  column  the  attained  age,  the  number  of  weeks  estimated 
to  be  payable  at  the  full  rate,  and  the  reduced  weekly  benefit  payable  there¬ 
after. 

Note — Fatal  cases  are  considered  in  the  fatal  section  of  the  plan. 

58.  Weekly  Benefit. 

In  this  field  shall  be  punched  the  amount  of  weekly  benefit  the  injured 
man  is  actually  receiving.  If  the  payments  are  at  intervals  other  than 
weekly,  multiply  the  amount  payable  at  each  interval  by  the  number  of  in¬ 
tervals  a  year  and  divide  the  product  by  52  to  reduce  to  weekly  basis  for 
the  cards,  using  dollars  and  cents  in  each  operation. 

59.  Computed  Reserve. 

(a)  Estimates  of  outstanding  weekly  indemnity  payments  are  to  be  com¬ 
puted  by  the  companies  and  punched  in  Non-Fatal  cases  in  this  field. 


23 


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(b)  If  outstanding  payments  are  expected  on  account  of  several  kinds 
of  disability,  the  reserve  for  each  kind  of  disability  shall  be  separately  com¬ 
puted  and  reported  on  an  individual  card.  This  rule  is  to  be  applied  in  con¬ 
junction  with  Rule  57c  for  outstanding  duration. 

Note:  The  total  reserve  will  be  obtained  by  the  Bureau  combining 
the  figures  reported  in  this  field  with  the  figures  reported  in  Outstand¬ 
ing  Medical  field. 

60.  Counter  Column. 

(a)  The  digit  1  in  the  Counter  column  of  the  Outstanding  card  shall 
be  punched  for  every  outstanding  accident  even  though  the  accident  has 
been  counted  on  the  Paid  on  Accident  card.  The  reason  is  that  the  two 
cards  are  in  different  classes;  one  is  for  recording  the  number  of  claims 
upon  which  payments  have  been  made  and  the  other  is  for  recording  the 
number  of  outstanding  claims. 

(b)  As  in  the  case  of  Paid  on  Accident  cards,  whenever  more  than  one 
card  is  punched  for  a  single  outstanding  claim  the  Counter  digit  should 
be  punched  on  one  card  only. 

61.  Method  to  Distinguish  Paid  On  Accident  Cards  for  Outstanding  Cases  From 

Such  Cards  for  Closed  Cases,  So  That  the  Entire  Duration  of  Disability  in 

an  Outstanding  Case  May  Be  Ascertained. 

The  “Paid  on  Accident”  cards  reported  for  cases  which  are  still  out¬ 
standing  shall  have  the  position  Y  punched  in  Counter  column  in  addition 
to  digit  1,  and  shall  be  kept  together  with  the  Outstanding  cards.  The 
companies  shall  also  furnish  a  list  of  outstanding  claims,  giving  claim  or 
some  other  designating  number,  weeks  and  amount  paid  and  weeks  and 
amount  outstanding. 

62.  General  Instructions  for  Punching  Cards  for  Outstanding  Claims. 

If  both  a  Paid  on  Accident  card  and  Outstanding  card  are  punched  in 
connection  with  an  outstanding  claim,  care  should  be  taken  to  see  that  both 
cards  carry  the  same  information  with  respect  to  the  “Sorting”  fields. 


24 


i  ■  .  ry  J>  *’■;<  , :>8't  Qti 

.n^W 

•  .  -  -  ...  ' 

- 


W  *•••:  .V..-  .  ■  f  ;  ■  ft  "  1  :  •;  "■  ,;  .  , 

■ 


■ 

. 

. 


SECTION  5— EXPOSURE  CARD. 


63.  Sorting  Fields  on  Exposure  Cards. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  fields  entitled  “State,”  “Year  of  Issue”  and  “Classi¬ 
fication”  appear  on  this  card.  By  means  of  these  fields  the  accident  ex¬ 
perience  in  a  given  classification,  for  a  particular  year  and  State  can  be 
related  to  the  exposure  for  that  classification,  year  and  State. 

The  experience  as  to  the  exposure  is  to  be  reported  in  the  fields  entitled 
Payroll,  Rebate  Payroll,  Premium,  and  Rebate  Premium. 

64.  Payroll  and  Premium  Fields. 

In  the  Payroll  and  Premium  fields  shall  be  punched  respectively  all  pay¬ 
rolls  and  all  premiums  irrespective  of  whether  audited  or  not,  including 
additional  wages  and  additional  premiums.  A  detailed  description  of  the 
methods  to  be  followed  in  punching  exposure  experience  will  be  found  in 
Rule  3. 

65.  Rebate  Payroll  and  Rebate  Premium  Fields. 

(a)  The  fields  “Rebate  Premium”  and  “Rebate  Payroll”  are  for  return 
premiums  and  reductions  in  the  wage  expenditure  upon  which  they  are 
based.  These  fields  were  provided  in  order  to  avoid  the  use  of  Contra  cards 
in  connection  with  exposure  experience. 

(b)  Rebate  fields  will  not  be  used  when  experience  is  first  reported  to 
the  Bureau.  It  may  happen,  however,  that  in  reporting  exposure  develop¬ 
ments  after  the  time  of  the  first  report  to  the  Bureau,  that  a  net  figure 
will  develop  that  will  show  a  decrease  in  wages  or  in  premium  for  a  classi¬ 
fication  (if  the  company  reports  by  classifications)  or  for  a  policy  (if  the 
company  reports  by  policies).  In  such  cases  the  Rebate  fields  are  to  be  used 
to  report  the  amount  of  reduction  (not  the  reduced  amount)  in  wages  or 
premiums  or  both. 


25 


....  .  l  -  -  "< 

no.**!*'?*'  «*♦  k  ■>*'*’  • 

,  ,/v.  ,4>  •  v>yw  b-jH*  >  i.“  tf  -•  V  . 

■ 

.  ....  ;t  :  ,!i.  ■- 

.abbri  {wta ifcn 

■ 

r.  ,  :■■■•■■  ;  1.  ItJ  •;  '  ;  ^  •'*  •' 

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,  ,  .  .  ^  .:■•  *  "t  u  :r  ^  ’  •" 

. 

. 

;  «  W  •;  f hi  ,  ■  ”.<*  •  • 


.. 


1% 


SECTION  6— CONTRA  CARD. 


06.  Purpose  of  Contra  Cards. 

These  cards  have  been  devised  to  provide  means  for  correcting  informa¬ 
tion  on  accidents  previously  reported  to  the  Bureau  on  “Paid  on  Accident” 
and  “Outstanding”  cards.  Contra  cards  are  of  two  kinds — “Paid  on  Acci¬ 
dent”  and  “Outstanding.”  Each  has  the  same  form  as  its  opposite  “Posi¬ 
tive”  entry  card,  the  color  only  being  different  in  order  that  entries  on 
these  cards  may  be  distinguishable  as  reverse  or  contra  entries.  ENTRIES 
ON  CONTRA  CARDS  MEAN  THAT  THEY  ARE  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED 
FROM  THE  TABULATION  OF  THE  POSITIVE  CARDS. 

67.  Occasions  Requiring  Use  of  Contra  Cards,  and  Method. 

(a)  FIRST — When  an  Accident  Is  to  Be  Eliminated  Entirely.  In  such 
case  punch  digit  1  in  the  Counter  column,  and  at  the  same  time  punch  in 
the  other  columns  what  has  already  been  punched  in  connection  with  the 
accident. 

(b)  SECOND — When  Information  Pertaining  to  Any  of  the  “Sorting” 
Fields  Is  to  Be  Changed.  This  requires  first  the  elimination  or  subtraction 
of  the  accident  and  all  of  the  information  pertaining  to  it  from  the  tabu¬ 
lation  of  the  positive  cards,  which  is  accomplished  by  the  method  described 
in  rule  immediately  preceding.  Then  on  another  “positive”  card  is  punched 
the  correct  information  in  the  field  concerned  and  the  original  information 
in  the  rest  of  the  fields.  In  order  that  the  accident  be  counted  again,  the 
digit  1  must  be  punched  in  the  Counter  column. 

(c)  THIRD — When  It  Is  Desired  to  Reduce  an  Entry  in  Any  of  the 
“Adding”  Fields.  In  such  case  only  a  contra  card  is  punched  according  to 
the  following  method:  Punch  in  the  field  concerned  the  amount  of  reduc¬ 
tion  (not  the  reduced  amount),  and  punch  the  original  information  in  all 
of  the  “Sorting”  fields.  Do  not  punch  the  other  Adding  fields  or  digit  1  in 
the  Counter  column. 


26 


. 


' 


;  l  ■  ■  .  ...  • 


,  !  ■ 

. 


SECTION  7.— DISTINCTION  BETWEEN  “KIND  OF  INJURY”  AND  ‘  KIND  OF 

PAYMENT.” 


The  purpose  of  the  “Kind  of  Injury”  column  is  to  classify  all  accidents 
in  accordance  with  their  gravity.  The  nature  of  an  injury  may  be  complex  from 
the  very  beginning,  or  may  change  from  time  to  time.  Nevertheless,  each  ac¬ 
cident  must  be  placed  in  a  definite  group  according  to  the  most  predominant 
feature. 

The  purpose  of  the  “Kind  of  Payment”  column  is  to  analyze  payments 
made.  Many  injuries  call  for  more  than  one  kind  of  payment,  as  for  instance, 
dismemberment  may  call  for  temporary  total  disability  payments,  then  for 
specific  dismemberment  payments,  and  for  additional  payments  for  either  tem¬ 
porary  or  permanent  partial  disability. 

Some  difficulty  is  created  by  the  use  of  similar  terms  in  both  columns.  This 
is  unavoidable,  but  is  easily  overcome  if  the  distinction  between  an  injury  and  the 
resulting  disability  is  carefully  kept  in  mind. 

Detailed  instructions  as  to  grouping  of  injuries  and  classification  of  pay¬ 
ments  are  given  in  the  following  rules. 


PART  1 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  INJURIES  INTO  GROUPS  ACCORDING  TO  GRAVITY 

(IN  CONNECTION  WITH  “RIND  OF  INJURY”  COLUMN) 

1.  Temporary  Total. 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  which  totally  disables  the 
injured  person  from  performing  any  work  at  any  gainful  occupation  without 
involving  amputation  or  a  permanent  loss  of  any  function,  but  from  which 
injury  the  recovery  is  so  complete  in  time  that  the  workman  is  able  to  re¬ 
sume  work  in  the  same  or  other  occupation  and  earn  the  same  wages  which 
he  earned  at  the  time  of  accident. 

To  this  group  shall  also  be  assigned  every  injury  where  the  resulting  tem¬ 
porary  total  disability,  as  defined  above,  is  followed  by  a  period  of  temporary 
partial  disability  described  in  the  paragraph  immediately  following.* 

2.  Temporary  Partial. 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  which  does  not  involve  ampu¬ 
tation  nor  result  in  the  permanent  loss  of  any  function;  which  does  not  dis¬ 
able  the  injured  person  from  work  in  the  same  or  other  gainful  employment, 
but  which,  for  a  time,  merely  impairs  his  earning  power. 

The  decreased  earnings  may  be  due  to  inability  to  work  full  time,  or  to 
turn  out  as  much  product  (if  working  piece  work),  or  to  inability  to  do 
heavy  work  and  accepting  lighter  work  at  lesser  wage. 

3.  Permanent  Total. 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  resulting  in  loss  of  both  eyes, 
total  loss  of  eyesight  or  mental  faculties,  paralysis  or  any  other  condition 
permanently  incapacitating  the  workman  from  performing  any  work  at  any 
gainful  occupation. 

Certain  injuries  are  conclusively  presumed  to  constitute  permanent  total 
disabilities.  In  other  cases  the  awards  by  Industrial  Boards  and  Courts  will 
indicate  whether  the  injury  was  adjudged  permanent  total.  In  other  words, 
the  Act  itself  or  the  interpretation  of  the  Act  by  Industrial  Boards  should 
govern  in  this  matter. 

♦Temporary  partial  disability  is  very  infrequently  the  immediate  result  of  injuries :  it  is  usually 
preceded  by  a  period  of  temporary  total  disability.  It  is  evident  that  an  injury  resulting  in  both  total  and 
partial  disability  must  be  designated  either  one  or  the  other.  Injuries  first  resulting  in  temporary  total 
disability,  will,  throughout,  carry  the  designation  “Temporary  Total.”  The  fact  that  it  was  followed  by 
temporary  partial  disability  will  be  brought  out  by  means  of  “Kind  of  Compensation”  column  where  the 
duration  of  and  the  payment  for  such  disability  will  be  indicated  by  the  symbol  for  Temporary  Partial 
Payment,  “12.” 


27 


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' 

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. 

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' 

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■ 

' 


4.  Dismemberment. 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  involving  the  loss  of  member 
or  members  or  parts  of  members  by  traumatic  or  surgical  amputation,  in¬ 
cluding  enucleation  of  eye. 

Multiple  amputations  in  combinations  which  render  the  injured  person  per¬ 
manently  totally  disabled,  or  which  the  law  conclusively  presumes  to  consti¬ 
tute  permanent  total  disability,  shall  not  be  considered  Dismemberment  so 
far  as  this  classification  is  concerned,  but  shall  be  assigned  to  Permanent 
Total  group. 

5.  Loss  of  Use.* 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  which  results  in  total  loss  of 
use  of  that  which  can  be  dismembered,  including  loss  of  sight  in  one  eye  and 
total  loss  of  hearing  in  one  or  both  ears. 

Loss  of  use  of  more  than  one  member  in  such  combinations  as  to  render 
the  injured  person  permanently  totally  disabled,  or  which  by  law  is  conclu¬ 
sively  presumed  to  constitute  permanent  total  disability,  shall  not  be  con¬ 
sidered  Loss  of  Use,  but  shall  be  assigned  to  Permanent  Total  group. 

6.  Permanent  Partial.  (Other  than  Dismemberment  and  Loss  of  Use.) 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  which  results  in  partial  loss 
of  any  function  of  the  body,  as  of  any  member,  or  in  permanent  physical 
impairment — such  as  permanent  stiff  neck,  chronic  traumatic  neurosis  or 
neurasthenia,  weakening  of  mental  faculties,  general  debility  on  account  of 
internal  injuries,  etc. 

Examples  of  partial  loss  of  function  of  members : 

(1)  Ankylosis  of  elbow  joint  (often  result  of  compound  comminuted  frac¬ 
tures  and  sometimes  due  to  improper  treatment  of  simple  fractures  and  dis¬ 
locations)  which,  though  preventing  supernation,  pronation  or  other  motions, 
is  not  the  same  as  loss  of  use  of  arm,  there  being  some  important  functions 
that  can  still  be  performed  with  the  arm  itself  and  the  hand;  (2)  Ankylosis 
of  wrist  joint;  (3)  Contracted  palm  from  infection  or  other  cause,  where 
fingers  are  not  involved;  (4)  Severance  of  muscles  and  ligaments  and  the 
consequent  loss  of  certain  motions;  (5)  Ankylosis  of  ankie  and  knee  joints; 
(6)  Considerable  shortening  of  leg,  say  %  of  an  inch  or  more,  as  a  conse¬ 
quence  of  fractures;  (7)  Partial  loss  of  eyesight  in  one  or  both  eyes;  (8) 
Impairment  of  hearing  in  one  or  both  ears. 

7.  Disfigurement. 

To  this  group  shall  be  assigned  every  injury  which  results  in  FACIAL 
disfigurement,  even  though  accompanied  by  temporary  total  or  partial  dis¬ 
ability.  Facial  disfigurements  concurrent  with  dismemberment  or  loss  of  use 
are  excluded  from  the  group  and  shall  be  assigned  to  dismemberment  or  loss 
of  use  group,  as  the  case  may  be. 

TO  RECAPITULATE. 

Injuries  producing  temporary  total  disability,  as  defined  in  paragraph  1, 
and  nothing  else,  or  temporary  total  disability  followed  by  temporary  partial  dis¬ 
ability,  and  nothing  else,  shall  be  classified  as  Temporary  Total. 

Injuries  producing  temporary  partial  disability  only,  as  defined  in  para¬ 
graph  2,  shall  be  classified  as  Temporary  Partial. 

Injuries  resulting  in  permanent  total  disability,  as  defined  in  paragraph  3, 
shall  be  classified  as  Permanent  Total. 

Injuries  involving  amputation  of  members,  exclusive  of  combinations  ren¬ 
dering  injured  person  totally  disabled,  shall  be  classified  as  Dismemberments. 

•NOTE  :  An  injury  involving  both  amputation  and  loss  of  use  may  be  assigned  either  to  Dismember¬ 
ment  or  Loss  of  Use  group,  the  choice  to  be  governed  by  the  predominating  feature  of  the  injury.  Thus, 
an  injury  resulting  in  amputation  of  a  finger  and  the  loss  of  use  of  a  leg  should  be  placed  in  the  Loss  of 
Use  group. 


28 


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12 

■ 

. 

. 

. 

.....  ,  7 A.  I  -•  ,..■■■  -Mu  '  r~’>  ’  \  ,  ' 

' 

. 

' 

a*U49  bC'i  IV  StTQ  jffi  iC  UWfai.i.  U:  . 

.?>  M  .  \t*  !•  i?  -a  *••'>'  . 

. 

:•  :•  .  •;•  ■  h;j  yVVi  i<>  *  it  '1'  •  '■•'  *?»  •-’•/ 

•3d  v  •  v.  •:>•  ■-  ■  ; 

•  .«  V  •'  '••  '  '  ‘  '  •  il'  !  • 

z  ,ii-  i\  ’ii .  V  ....  V,  •&  i&lpl  C*  *  ■  'iuJlfll 

■ 

■ 


Injuries  resulting  in  complete  loss  of  use  of  members,  exclusive  of  com¬ 
binations  which  render  the  injured  person  permanently  totally  disabled,  shall  be 
classified  as  Loss  of  Use. 

Injuries  resulting  in  partial  loss  of  use  of  members,  ets.,  as  defined  in  para¬ 
graph  6,  shall  be  classified  as  Permanent  Partial. 

Injuries  resulting  in  facial  disfigurement,  and  nothing  else  except  tem¬ 
porary  total  or  partial  disability,  shall  be  classified  as  Disfigurements. 


PART  2 

CODE  FOR  KINDS  OF  COMPENSATION  BENEFIT  PAYMENTS. 

(IN  CONNECTION  WITH  “KIND  OF  PAYMENT”  COLUMN) 

DEFINITIONS. 


SYMBOL. 

11.  Temporary  Total  Benefit  shall  mean  the  payment  which  is  made  for  the  time 
the  injured  party  is  rendered  temporarily  totally  disabled,  irrespective  of 
whether  such  disability  is  in  connection  with  Temporary  Total,  Dismember¬ 
ment  or  any  other  class  of  injury. 

Temporary  Total  benefits  are  paid: 

1st.  In  all  states  for  an  injury  which,  for  a  temporary  time  after  the 
expiration  of  the  specified  waiting  period,  totally  incapacitates  the  injured 
from  all  work: 

2nd.  In  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island  and  a  number  of  other  states  in 
cases  of  amputation  and  other  permanent  partial  injuries  for  the  period 
during  which  the  injured  is  totally  incapacitated. 

12.  Temporary  Partial  Benefit  shall  mean  the  payment  made  for  TEMPORARY 
impairment  of  earning  power,  irrespective  of  whether  the  partial  disability 
so  compensated  results  from  an  injury  classified  as  Temporary  Total,  Dis¬ 
memberment  or  any  other  class. 

In  other  words,  temporary  partial  benefit  is  awarded  for  the  time  the 
injured  workman  is  working  at  reduced  wages.  This  means  that  such 
compensation  is  usually  applied  in  cases  where  the  injured  returns  to 
work  before  he  has  fully  recovered  from  the  injury  or  become  fully  reha¬ 
bilitated,  and,  therefore,  unable  to  earn  as  much  as  he  did  before  the  acci¬ 
dent. 

Temporary  partial  payments  may  begin  immediately  after  the  termina¬ 
tion  of  waiting  period  or  after  a  period  of  temporary  total  disability. 

13.  Permanent  Total  Benefits  shall  mean  payments  made  in  the  case  of  injuries 
conclusively  presumed  by  law  or  judicially  determined  by  Courts  and  Indus¬ 
trial  Accident  Boards  to  constitute  permanent  total  disability. 

In  some  instances  it  is  often  impossible  to  predetermine  whether  the 
injury  will  result  in  temporary  total  or  permanent  total  disability.  If,  as 
a  matter  of  policy,  or  because  the  physician  holds  out  hopes  for  complete 
or  partial  recovery,  the  case  is  for  the  time  being  designated  as  temporary 
total,  it  may  be  treated  as  such  until  the  expiration  of  the  maximum  period. 
Upon  completion  of  last  payment  change  the  designation  of  entire  payment 
from  Temporary  Total  to  Permanent  Total.  It  will  be  admitted  that  failure  to 
recover  in  400  or  500  weeks  makes  the  likelihood  of  ultimate  recovery 
rather  nil,  and  for  this  reason  the  disability  may  from  the  statistical  point 
of  view  be  safely  considered  as  Permanent  Total. 


29 


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■■ 

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14.  Dismemberment  Benefits  shall  mean  only  that  portion  of  payments  made  in 
tbe  case  of  loss  of  members  whicli  is  based  upon  the  specific  or  fixed  num¬ 
ber  of  weeks  allowed  in  the  Act. 

In  States  providing  specific  indemnity  in  lieu  of  all  other,  the  entire 
benefit  shall  be  designated  “Dismemberment.” 

in  States  providing  other  benefits  in  addition  to  specific,  only  the  specific 
benefit  shall  be  considered  a  dismemberment  payment.  iNo  part  of  the 
benefit  shall  be  designated  Dismemberment  in  States  where  dismember¬ 
ments  are  compensated  on  basis  of  tune  lost  from  work  and  impairment 
of  wage  earning  power. 

15.  Loss  of  Use:  Since  Loss  of  Use  is  compensated  in  all  States  on  the  same 
basis  as  Dismemberment  it  follows  that  the  remarks  under  “Dismember¬ 
ment”  apply  equally  as  well  to  “Loss  of  Use”  payments.  The  specific  benefits 
paid  in  cases  of  total  or  partial  loss  of  use  of  that  which  can  be  dismem¬ 
bered  shall  be  designated  as  “Loss  of  Use”  payments. 

16.  Permanent  Partial  Benefits  shall  mean  only  those  payments  which  are  made 
for  PERMAN  EN  T  impairment  of  earning  power  and  nothing  else.  The  term 
Permanent  Partial  shall  not  be  used  to  designate  a  payment  for  dismem¬ 
berment  in  States  providing  for  such  injury,  compensation  based  on  a  fixed 
number  of  weeks  in  lieu  pi  all  other  compensation ;  nor  should  it  be  used  for 
this  purpose  in  illinois  and  States  having  similar  laws  where  compensation 
for  permanent  partial  INJURIES  is  based  on  temporary  total  disability  in 
addition  to  the  specific  indemnity. 

The  term  Permanent  Partial  as  applied  to  payments  should  not  be  con¬ 
founded  with  a  similar  term  used  in  our  classification  of  injuries  and  in  all 
Compensation  Acts  to  designate  such  injuries  as  amputation  of  finger,  hand, 
ieg,  etc.,  or  loss  of  use  of  such  members.  The  confusion,  if  any,  arises 
from  the  failure  to  differentiate  between  “Permanent  IJN JURY”  and  “Per¬ 
manent  DISABILITY.”  A  laborer  does  not  necessarily  become  permanently 
partially  disabled  because  of  the  loss  of  his  little  finger.  In  a  short  time  he 
can  wield  his  pick  and  shovel  as  well  as  ever.  In  Massachusetts  and  Rhode 
Island  a  case  like  this  would  be  compensated  on  basis  of  time  lost  from 
work  (Temporary  Total  Payment)  in  addition  to  the  fixed  (Specific  Dis¬ 
memberment)  sum  allowed  for  loss  of  finger.  IT  IS  TO  BE  NOTED  THAT 
THE  TERM  PERMANENT  PARTIAL  IS  NOT  USED  AT  ALL  IN  THIS 
CASE  SO  FAR  AS  IT  CONCERNS  THE  KIND  OF  PAYMENT.  Should, 
however,  the  loss  of  finger  upon  his  return  to  work  prevent  the  workman 
from  following  his  usual  occupation  and  force  him  to  do  work  at  a  iower 
wage  he  would,  in  above  States,  be  entitled  to  further  compensation  for 
the  impairment  of  his  earning  power  (50 °/o  or  some  other  percent  of  the 
difference  between  his  former  wage  and  the  wage  he  is  now  earning). 

If  the  impairment  is  only  temporary,  the  payment  should  be  designated 
“Temporary  Partial;”  but  if  the  impairment  is  lasting,  or  at  least  continues 
for  the  maximum  period  fixed  by  law,  then  the  payment  is  to  be  designated 
PERMANENT  PARTIAL. 

17.  Disfigurement  Benefits.  Payments  shall  be  considered  as  such  only  when 
the  award  by  the  Industrial  Board  specifically  states  that  they  were  made 
under  the  Disfigurement  Section  of  the  Act.  In  CALIFORNIA  and  one  or 
two  other  States,  such  compensation  is  only  paid  for  FACIAL  disfigurement. 
It  is  only  in  ILLINOIS  that  disfigurements  to  hand  (including  amputation 
of  fingers,  with  or  without  involvement  of  metacarpal  bones)  may  be  com¬ 
pensated  under  the  Disfigurement  section.  If  the  files  indicate  that  the  loss 
of  fingers  or  a  similar  injury  was  compensated  under  this  section,  then  the 
payments  must  be  shown  as  Disfigurement  and  not  Dismemberment. 

18.  All  Other  Compensation  Payments.  This  classification  was  inserted  in  the 
code  to  provide  for  amendments  to  laws  establishing  forms  of  compensa¬ 
tion  other  than  those  enumerated  in  the  code.  Its  use  will  readily  suggest 
itself  when  the  proper  occasion  arises. 


30 


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19.  Liability  Claim  Payments  shall  mean  amounts  paid  to  an  injured  employee 
who  either  has  elected  not  to  come  under  the  Workmen’s  Compensation 
Act  or  who  is  excluded  from  compensation  benefits  under  the  Act  and  re¬ 
covers  damages  under  Common  Law.  See  Rule  18  for  a  fuller  treatment  of 
such  payments. 

NOTE  :  The  entire  amount  of  the  benefit  paid  in  the  State  of  California  for  permanent  disability  in 
all  cases  of  injuries  classed  as  Dismemberment,  Doss  of  Use,  or  Permanent  Partial,  shall  be  designated  as 
Permanent  Partial  Payments  (symbol  16). 


NOTE. 

•n  .For  ben.efit  of. those  companies  who  have  already  punched  the  experience  for  any  policy  year  we 

will  state  that  it  is  not  intended  to  have  them  repunch  the  experience  for  such  years  in  accordance  with 
above  described  method.  Rather  than  inconvenience  them  the  Bureau  will  get  some  of  the  desired  informa¬ 
tion  by  means  of  other  fields  on  the  cards. 

In  the.  case  of  companies  who  have  analyzed  the  experience  to  any  extent,  but  have  as  yet  punched 
no  cards,  it  is  earnestly  requested  that  the  analysis,  as  respects  the  “Kind  of  Injury”  field,  be  corrected 
in  all  cases  where  more  than  one  Kind  of  Payment  was  made  on  one  accident. 

...  This  will  concerni  but  a  small  percentage  of  accidents — one  per  cent  at  most.  We  feel  that  the  slight 
.,.ltional  worli  which  this  will  entail  will  be  more  than  repaid  by  placing  the  statistics  on  a  basis  which 
will  be  comparable  with  those  tabulated  in  future  years. 


PART  3 

METHOD  OF  CORRELATING  THE  BENEFITS  FOR  VARIOUS  DISABILI¬ 
TIES  PAYABLE  ON  A  SINGLE  CASE  WITH  THE  CLASS  OF 
INJURY  PRODUCING  THE  DISABILITIES. 

To  compute  the  differential  for  a  new  compensation  law  and  the  added  or 
lesser  cost  on  account  of  amendments  to  existing  laws,  it  is  absolutely  necessary 
for  the  statistician  and  the  actuary  to  have  certain  data. 

They  must  have  not  only  the  proportional  distribution*  of  different  kinds 
of  injuries  and  the  average  wage  obtaining  in  each  State  but,  what  is  most  im¬ 
portant  of  all,  also  the  duration  of  different  kinds  of  disabilities  resulting  from 
various  injuriesf  as  this  is  the  principal  and,  at  the  present  time,  the  most  ob¬ 
scure  factor  in  determining  the  cost  of  compensation. 

Hence,  one  of  the  most  important  purposes  of  the  plan  for  securing  and 
compiling  Workmen’s  Compensation  statistics  is  to  determine  the  duration  and 
the  kind  of  benefits  awarded  under  various  Acts  for  different  kinds  of  disabil¬ 
ities  resulting  from  injuries  broadly  classified  as  follows: 

1.  Temporary  Total 

2.  Temporary  Partial 

3.  Permanent  Total 

4.  Permanent  Partial — Dismemberment 

5.  “  “  — loss  of  use 

6.  “  “  — exclusive  of  4  and  5 

7.  Disfigurement. 

As  an  illustration  of  our  meaning  in  the  foregoing  paragraph,  let  us  take 
a  dismemberment  case  in  Massachusetts.  In  this  State  such  a  case  may  be  com¬ 
pensated  by  three  different  kinds  of  payments — a  benefit  for  the  period  of  tem¬ 
porary  total  disability,  another  for  the  period  of  partial  disability,  the  third  being 
for  the  specific  period  allowed  for  the  loss  of  member.  Here  we  are  confronted 
with  a  problem.  The  limiting  conditions  of  the  punch  card  do  not  permit  the 
punching  of  more  than  one  kind  of  payment  on  one  card.  Unless  means  were 
adopted  to  identify  each  one  of  the  payments  with  the  class  of  injury  which 
gave  rise  to  the  different  disabilities  the  Bureau  when  tabulating  the  experience 
would  have  no  way  of  knowing  whether  the  duration  of  and  the  payment  for, 
say,  temporary  total  disability  was  in  connection  with  a  dismemberment  injury 
or  one  in  the  temporary  total  class§.  Therefore,  to  enable  the  Bureau  to  allocate 

♦The  proportion  of  various  classes  of  injuries — Total,  Permanent  Total,  Temporary  Total,  Dismember¬ 
ment,  etc.,  to  the  total  number  of  injuries  occurring  within  a  given  period  of  time. 

tAn  injury  involving  amputation  produces  total  disability  for  a  time,  which  may  or  may  not  be 
followed  by  partial  disability;  a  laceration  of  the  hand  may  totally  disable  at  first  and  then  partially. 

§  It  is  true  that  the  various  payments  in  dismemberment  cases  can  be  allocated  to  this  class  of 
injuries  by  means  of  the  Nature  of  Injury  field  ;  but  this  is  the  only  instance  where  this  field  can  be  utilized 
for  such  purposes. 


31 


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the  payments  to  proper  classes  of  injuries,  a  column  has  been  provided  on  the 
punch  card  entitled  “Kind  of  Injury.”  In  this  column  will  be  punched  the  injury 
in  accordance  with  the  directions  given  in  the  definitions  for  “Kinds  of  Injuries.” 
In  the  column  headed  “Kind  of  Compensation”  will  be  punched  the  symbol  for  the 
particular  kind  of  payment  made,  in  accordance  with  the  definitions  for  “Kinds 
of  Compensation  Benefit  Payments.” 

The  designation  of  payment,  of  course,  will  always  correspond  with  the 
kind  of  disabilities  compensated. 

In  “Duration  of  Injury”  field  will  be  punched  the  number  of  weeks  during 
which  the  particular  kind  of  benefit  was  paid;  with  waiting  period  added  in 
case  of  temporary  total  payments.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  duration  is 
associated  with  the  kind  of  payment  and  not  with  the  kind  of  injury. 

The  following  illustrations  show  how  the  information  will  appear  on  punch 

cards. 


(1)  An  injury  in  any  State  resulting,  for  example,  in  temporary  total  disability 
of  10  weeks’  duration  followed  by  temporary  partial  disability  of  5  weeks’ 
duration. 


% 

Impairment 

Kind  of  Injury 

Duration 

Weeks 

Compensation  Paid 

Counter 

Kind  of  Payment 

Amount 

1st 

card 

Temp.  Total 
(1) 

10 

Temp.  Total 

(ID 

$56 

1 

2nd 

card 

29% 

Temp.  Total 
(1) 

5 

Temp.  Partial 
(12) 

10 

0 

(2)  Dismemberment  Case  in  Massachusetts  receiving  three  kinds  of  Benefits: 


% 

Kind  of  Injury 

Duration 

Compensation 

Paid 

Counter 

Impairment 

Weeks 

Kind  of  Payment 

Amount 

1st 

card 

Dismember. 

(4) 

20 

Temp.  Total 

(ID 

$180 

1 

2nd 

card 

Dismember. 

(4) 

50 

Dismemberment 

(14) 

500 

0 

3rd 

card 

40% 

Dismember. 

(4) 

380 

Perm.  Partial 
(16) 

1140 

0 

The  attached  tabulation  of  losses  in  10515  hypothetical  cases  gives,  at  a 
glance,  the  results  that  can  be  attained  by  the  methods  described  above. 


32 


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SECTION  8— CODES. 


“PER  CENT.  OF  IMPAIRMENT” 
CODE. 


T 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 


Total  Disability. 
Impairment  of  10%  or  less. 
”  ”  11%  to  20%. 

”  ”  21%  ”  30%. 

”  ”  31%  ”  40%. 

”  ”  41%  ”  50%. 

”  ”  51%  ”  60%. 

”  ”  Cl%  ”70%. 

”  ”  71%  ”80%. 

”  ”  81%  ”90%. 


Any  %  over  90  will  be  considered  total 
disability. 


“AGE  GROUP”  CODE. 


0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 


Ages  Below  14. 

”  14  to  19. 

”  20  ”  24. 

”  25  ”  29. 

”  30  ”  34. 

”  35  ”  39. 

”  40  ”  44. 

”  45  ”  49. 

”  50  ”  54. 

”  55  ”  59. 

”  60  ”  64. 

65  and  over. 


34 


“STATE”  CODE. 


01  Alabama 

21  Michigan 

41  Tennessee 

02  Arizona 

22  Minnesota 

42  Texas 

03  Arkansas 

23  Mississippi 

43  Utah 

04  California 

24  Missouri 

44  Vermont 

05  Colorado 

25  Montana 

45  Virginia 

06  Connecticut 

26  Nebraska 

46  Washington 

07  Delaware 

27  Nevada 

47  West  Virginia 

08  District  of  Columbia 

28  New  Hampshire 

48  Wisconsin 

09  Florida 

29  New  Jersey 

49  Wyoming 

10  Georgia 

11  Idaho 

12  Illinois 

30  New  Mexico 

31  New  York 

32  North  Carolina 

The  following  code  num¬ 
bers  are  given  so  that  if  it 
should  ever  become  necessary 
to  use  them,  each  company 
will  be  in  possession  of  uni¬ 
form  code  numbers: 

13  Indiana 

33  North  Dakota 

50  Canada 

14  Iowa 

34  Ohio 

51  Mexico 

15  Kansas 

35  Oklahoma 

52  Hawaiian  Islands 

16  Kentucky 

36  Oregon 

53  Greater  N.  Y.  &  N.  J. 

17  Louisiana 

37  Pennsylvania 

54  Alaska 

18  Maine 

38  Rhode  Island 

55  Cuba 

19  Maryland 

39  South  Carolina 

56  Panama  Canal  Zone 

20  Massachusetts 

40  South  Dakota 

57  Philippine  Islands 

35 


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NATURE  OF  INJURY  CODE. 

Part  1. 

The  nature  of  injury  field  contains  three  columns  of  digits.  In  the  last 
two  columns  will  be  indicated  the  part  of  body  injured,  in  accordance  with  part 
two  (2)  of  the  Nature  of  Injury  code  entitled  “Location  of  Injury.” 

The  first  column  is  to  be  used  for  indicating  the  nature  of  the  injury 
irrespective  of  its  location,  as  follows: 

0.  Occupational  disease. 

1.  Loss  or  amputation,  including  total  loss  of  function. 

2.  Fractures. 

3.  Stiffness,  contractions  and  other  partial  loss  of  function. 

4.  Dislocation,  sprains  and  strains. 

5.  Lacerated  and  cut  wounds. 

6.  Infection  of  primary  cause  only  (infected  pin  pricks,  punctured 

wounds,  callouses,  slight  abrasions,  etc.,  not  resulting  in  amputa- 
tation  or  loss  of  use  in  any  degree). 

7.  Contusions  without  breaking  of  surface. 

8.  Burns  or  scalds. 

9.  All  others. 


Notes. 

1.  The  injury  will  be  indicated  by  a  combination  of  three  numbers,  the 
last  two  of  which  will  indicate  the  part  of  the  body,  and  the  first  the  nature  of 
the  injury.  Thus  211  will  mean  a  fracture  of  a  thumb,  and  105  the  loss  of  a 
hand. 

2.  For  miscellaneous  injuries  the  last  ten  numbers  of  the  last  two  col¬ 
umns  are  retained,  that  is  90  to  99,  and  here  are  included  such  injuries  as 
hernia,  concussion  of  the,  brain,  etc.  Digit  9  (all  others)  should  be  used  in  the 
first  column  in  connection  with  such  injuries. 

3.  Where  one  nature  of  injury  to  one  member  of  body  is  accompanied  by 
a  different  nature  of  injury  to  another  member  of  the  body,  the  nature  to  be  de¬ 
scribed  in  this  column  is  that  of  greatest  severity. 


36 


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NATURE  OF  INJURY  CODE.— Part  2. 


LOCATION  OF  INJURY. 


1  Arm  upper 

2  “  lower 

3  “  both  upper 

4  “  “  lower 

5  Hand 

6  “  both 

7  Shoulder  joint 

8  Elbow  “ 

9  Wrist  “ 

10  Thumb  one  phalanx 

11  “  entire 

12  First  finger  one  phalanx 

13  “  “  two  phalanges 

14  “  “  entire 

15  Second  “  one  phalanx 

16  “  “  two  phalanges 

17  “  “  entire 

18  Third  “  one  phalanx 

19  “  “  two  phalanges 

20  “  “  entire 

21  Little  finger  one  phalanx 

22  “  “  two  phalanges 

23  “  “  entire 

24  Two  fingers  one  hand 

25  Three  “ 

26  Four  “ 

27  All  fingers  one  hand 

28  Thumbs  both  hands 

29  Two  fingers  both  hands 

30  Three  “ 

31  Four  “ 

32  Five 

33  Six  and  over 

34  Fingers  and  parts  of  fingers  in  var¬ 

ious  combinations,  one  hand 

35  Fingers  and  parts  of  fingers  in  var¬ 

ious  combinations,  both  hands 

36  Thigh 

37  Leg 

38  Both  thighs 

39  Both  legs 

40  Hip  joint 

41  Knee  joint 

42  One  foot 

43  Both  feet 

44  Ankle  joint 

45  Great  toe 

46  Any  other  toe 

47  Two  toes 

48  Three  “ 

49  Four  “ 

50  All  “ 


51  Any  toe  on  both  feet 

52  One  arm  and  one  leg 

53  Two  arms  and  one  leg 

54  Two  legs  and  one  arm 

55  Both  arms  and  legs 

56  Face 

57  One  eye 

58  Both  eyes 

59  Loss  of  one  eye,  with  impairment 

of  vision  of  other  (use  digit  9 
in  1st  column) 

60  Nose 

61  One  ear 

62  Both  ears 

63  Skull  or  scalp 

64  Jaw 

65  Teeth 

66  Neck 

67  Spinal  column 

68  Chest 

69  Sternum 

70  One  rib 

71  Two  or  more  ribs 

72  Shoulder  blade 

73  Collar  bone 

74  Abdomen 

75  Back 

76  Small  of  back 

77  Pelvis 

78  Genitals 

79  Buttocks 

80  Side 

81 
82 

83 

84 

85 

86 

87 

88 

89 

90  Rupture  (hernia) 

91  Internal  injuries 

92  Concussion  of  brain 

93  Traumatic  neurosis 

94  Multiple  injuries,  not  otherwise 

classified 

95  Facial  disfigurement 

96 

97  Drowning 

98  All  other 

99  Indefinite  or  unknown 


37 


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CAUSE  OF  INJURY  CODE. 


PART  1— MANNER  OF  OCCURRENCE. 

(IN  CONNECTION  WITH  WORKING  MACHINE  ACCIDENTS) 

0  All  other  causes 

1  Adjusting  machine  or  work 

2  Starting 

3  Operating  and  feeding 

4  Stopping 

5  Oiling 

6  Cleaning 

7  Repairing 

8  Breaking  of  machine  or  work 

9  Flying  objects 


PART  2— WORKING  MACHINE  CODE. 


NOTE :  The  Bureau  has  a  limited  supply  of  multigraphed  copies  of  the 
Working  Machine  Code  which  may  be  had  gratis  on  application.  This  code  was 
not  printed  both  because  of  its  volume  and  because  the  Bureau  expects  shortly  to 
discontinue  its  use  and  to  adopt  in  its  place  one  which  will  be  greatly  condensed 
and  constructed  on  a  different  principle.  Those  who  have  not  a  copy  of  the  multi¬ 
graphed  code  should  apply  immediately. 


38 


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CODE  FOR  CAUSE  OF  INJURIES. 

(PART  3— CAUSES  OTHER  THAN  WORKING  MACHINERY) 


Power  Generating  Machinery  (Prime  Movers). 


901  Steam  engines 

902  Water  wheels  (no  other  water 

motors) 

903  Gas  engines  or  internal  combus¬ 

tion  motors 

904  Compressed  air  engines  (or  oth¬ 


er  devices  driven  by  com¬ 
pressed  air) 

905  Wind  motors  or  wind  turbines 

906  Electric  motors 

907  Dynamos 

908  Treadmills  and  windlasses 


Power  Transmission  Apparatus. 

909  Shafts  and  shaft  supports  913  Belts  (secondary) 

910  Gear  wheels  914  Rope  drivers  (hemp  and  metal) 

911  Friction  wheels  915  Chain  transmission 

912  Power  transmitting  belts  (main)  916  Set  screws 


Steam  Boilers  and  Steam  Producing  Apparatus. 

917  Explosions  919  Steampiping 

918  Other  mishaps 

Electricity 


920  Electric  current 

Explosive 

921  Powder 

922  Dynamite 

Combustible,  Hot  and 

924  Explosions  and  combustion  of 

gases 

925  Explosions  and  combustion  of 

petroleum 

926  Explosions  and  combustion  of 

benzine 

927  Flames  from  ovens 

928  Other  fires 


Material. 
923  Others 


Caustic  Materials. 

929  Hot  metals,  slag,  ashes,  etc. 

930  Steam,  hot  water,  other  hot 

liquids 

931  Caustic  stuffs,  alkalies,  acids, 

quicklime 

932  Poisonous  materials 

933  “  gases 


Collapse  of  Buildings,  Structures  and  Falling  Materials. 


934  Stones,  sand  and  earth 

935  Buildings,  walls,  etc. 

936  Scaffolds  and  stagings 


937  Shorings 

938  Piled  up  materials,  lumber,  etc. 

939  All  other 


Falls  From  Ladders,  Stairs,  Etc. 


940 

941 

942 

943 

944 

945 

946 


From  ladders 
“  stairs 

“  scaffolds  and  stagings 

“  buildings  in  construction 

“  windows 
“  shafts 
“  roofs 


947  Into  excavations 

948  “  cellars 

949  “  wells 

950  Slipping  and  falling  on  ground, 

floors  and  ordinary  surfaces 

951  All  other  falls 


39 


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CODE  FOR  CAUSES  OF  INJURIES  (other  than  working  machinery) — Continued 


General. 


952 


953 

954 

955 

956 

957 

958 

959 

960 

961 

962 


963 

964 

965 

966 


967 


Transporting  heavy  weights 
(handling,  loading  and  un¬ 
loading  heavy  material) 
Horsedrawn  vehicles  —  drays, 
trucks,  carriages,  etc. 

Railroad  accidents 
Shipping  and  navigation 
Animals  (kicks,  bites,  etc.) 
Riding  accidents  (horse-back 
riding,  bicycle  riding,  etc.) 
Hand  tools  and  hand  machinery 
(hammers,  knives,  axes,  etc.) 
Flying  splinters,  steel,  emery 
and  other  flying  objects 
All  others 

Running  into  or  striking  into 
parts 

Splinters,  slivers,  glass  and  other 
sharp  objects;  stepping  on 
nails,  etc. 

Cranking  and  starting  machines 
and  engines 

Elevators  and  lowerators 
Motor  driven  vehicles 
Conveyors  (including  the  follow¬ 
ing)  : 

Hopper  conveyor 
Ice  elevator 
Leg  conveyor 
Malt 


Package 
Rotary 
Scraper 

Screw  “  (paint) 

Shook 
Tube 

All  other  conveyors 
Pumps  (including  the  following) : 
Centrifugal  pumps 
Duplex 
Fuel  oil 
Reciprocating 
Rotary 
Steam 
Vacuum 

All  other  pumps 


968  Compressors  (including  the  fol¬ 

lowing)  : 

Air  Compressors 
Ammonia 

Carbon  Dioxide  Compressor 
(brewery) 

All  other  compressors 

969  Blowers  (including  the  follow¬ 

ing)  : 

Fan  exhauster 
Blowers 

970  Cranes  and  derricks  (including 

the  following) : 

Bucket  cranes 
Charging  “ 

Charging  machines 
Gantry  cranes 
Jib 

Ladle  “ 

Magnet  “ 

Soaking  pit  cranes 
Stiff  leg  derricks 
Stripping  cranes 
Traveling  “ 

Wall 

All  other  cranes  and  derricks 

971  Hoisting  machinery  (other  than 

cranes  and  derricks) 

Nigger  head 
Steam  winch 
Winch 
Windlass 

Other  hoisting  machinery 

972  Extreme  heat  and  cold,  atmos¬ 

pheric  and  artificial 

973  Hot  surfaces — coming  in  con¬ 

tact  with 

974  Explosion  of  glass  and  metal 

containers,  such  as  bottles, 
syphons,  carboys,  metal 
drums,  etc.,  including  electric 
light  bulbs,  golf  balls,  etc. 

975  Assault 

976  Drowning 


40 


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KIND  OF  INJURY  CODE. 


0 

1  Temporary  Total 

2  Temporary  Partial 

3  Permanent  Total 

4  Dismemberment  (already  described 

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5  Loss  of  Use 

6  Permanent  Partial  —  not  Dismem¬ 

berment  or  Loss  of  Use 

7  Disfigurement 

8 
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41 


CODE  FOR  KINDS  OF  BENEFIT  COMPENSATION  LOSSES 


00 

01 

02 

OB 

04 

05 

06 

07 

08 

09 


Fatal. 

Funeral  expense 

Pension  to  widows 
“  “  children 

Other  total  dependents 
Partial  dependents 

To  indicate  that  the  Benefit  was 
paid  to  the  State 

Payments  made  prior  to  death 

Liability  claims 


Non-Fatal. 

10 

11  Temporary  Total 

12  Temporary  Partial 

13  Permanent  Total 

14  Dismemberment  (already  de¬ 

scribed  in  “Nature  of  Injury’' 
column) 

15  Loss  of  Use 

16  Permanent  Partial  —  not  Dis- 
'  memberment  or  Loss  of  Use 

17  Disfigurement 

18  All  other  compensation  pay¬ 

ments 

19  Liability  claims 

20  Allocated  adjusting  expenses 

under  liability  cases 


42 


OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE. 


POISONOUS  SUBSTANCES 


Code  Remarks. 

No.  Poisoning  by 

1.  Ammonia . A  highly  irritant  and  penetrating  gas.  Poisoning 

by  inhalation.  Industries :  gas  and  chemical 


works,  manufacture  of  sal  ammoniac,  refrigerat¬ 
ing  plants,  varnish  and  dye  works,  calico  printing, 
bleaching,  tanning. 

2.  Amyl  Alcohol  . A  colorless,  oily  fluid  used  in  preparation  of  fruit 

essences,  aniline  dyes  and  in  rectification  of 
spirits.  Poisoning  by  inhalation  of  vapor. 

3.  Aniline  . A  colorless  oil.  Poisoning  by  absorption  through 

skin  by  direct  contact  or  saturation  of  clothing, 
and  by  inhalation  as  vapor  and  dust.  Industries : 
manufacturing  of  aniline  and  derivatives,  also  of 
aniline  dyes. 

4.  Aniline  Dyes  . Dye  stuffs  acting  on  the  skin  and  respiratory 

organs  in  the  form  of  dust. 

5.  Antimony  (compounds) ....  Industries :  preparation  of  type  and  white  metal, 

Britannia  metal,  fireworks,  paints,  aniline  dyes, 
etc.  Enters  the  body  in  form  of  vapor  or  dust. 

6.  Arsenic  . Occurs  in  following  industries :  Mining,  foundries, 

chemical  works,  aniline  and  other  dyes,  wall 
paper,  oil  cloth,  tanning,  etc.  Enters  the  body  as 
vapor  or  dust. 

7.  Arseniuretted  Hydrogen  ...  A  gas  developed  in  the  production  of  hydrogen  in 

the  arts  and  in  the  manufacture  of  hydrochloric 
and  sulphuric  acids.  Enters  the  body  in  the  form 
of  gas  through  the  organs  of  respiration. 

8.  Benzine . . A  fluid.  Enters  the  body  in  form  of  vapor  through 

organs  of  respiration.  Industries:  benzine  dis¬ 
tillation,  cleansing  plants,  lacquer,  varnish  and 
India  rubber  industries,  mfg.  of  waterproof  mate¬ 
rial,  etc. 

9.  Benzol . Vapor  of  this  fluid  enters  the  body  through  organs 

of  respiration.  Used  in  the  industries  which  use 
benzine. 

10.  Brass  (Brass  Chills) . Also  called  “brass  founders’  ague”.  An  illness 

attended  by  shivering.  Caused  by  dust  and  fumes 
produced  in  the  casting,  filing,  cutting  and  polish¬ 
ing  of  brass  which  is  an  alloy  of  zinc  and  copper. 

11.  Bronze  . Occurs  in  bronzing  work  with  bronze  powder  or 

liquor. 

12.  Carbon  Dioxide  (Carbonic  A  colorless,  odorless  gas  generated  in  mines, 

Acid  Gas)  sewers  and  wells,  in  manufacture  of  carbonic 

acid,  mineral  waters,  compressed  yeast;  in  brew¬ 
eries,  etc.  Large  quantities  occasion  sudden  death 
by  suffocation. 

13.  Carbon  Disulphide  . In  form  of  vapor  it  enters  the  body  through 

respiratory  organs;  as  a  fluid,  through  the  skin. 
It  causes  heavy  damage  to  red  blood  corpuscles 
and  to  the  central  nervous  system.  Used  in  the 
extraction  and  dissolving  of  fats  and  oils,  in  vul¬ 
canizing  rubber,  in  imitation  silk  factories,  etc. 


43 


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OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE —  Continued 


POISONOUS  SUBSTANCES— 


Code  Remarks 

No.  Poisoning  by 

14.  Carbon  Monoxide  . An  odorless,  tasteless  gas  evolved  from  blast  fur¬ 

naces  in  manufacture  of  illuminating  gas,  in  ex¬ 
plosions,  in  coal  mines,  in  cement  and  brick  works 
and  in  tunneling. 

15.  Chloride  of  Lime . A  white  granular  powder.  Poisoning  by  inhala¬ 


tion  as  vapor  or  dust;  also  acts  directly  on  the 
skin.  Used  in  bleaching  establishments,  for  dis¬ 
infection,  in  manufacture  of  chloroform,  oxygen, 
dyes  and  in  calico  printing. 

16.  Chlorine  . A  suffocating  gas  of  penetrating  odor.  Poisoning 

by  inhalation  and  occurs  in  bleacheries,  paper 
mills,  laundries,  tinning  works,  etc. 

17.  Chromium  (or  its  com-  Manufacture  of  chrome  steel,  hectographs, 

pounds)  matches ;  mineral  tanning ;  photography,  etc. 

Enters  the  body  in  the  form  of  dust  or  by  absorp¬ 
tion  through  the  skin. 

18.  Ferro  Silicon  . This  substance,  a  mixture  of  iron  and  silica,  when 

brought  in  contact  with  water,  evolves  phos- 
phurated  and  arseniuretted  gases,  both  of  which 
are  powerful  poisons.  Wholesale  poisoning  is 
liable  to  occur  upon  steamers  carrying  ferro-sili- 
con  in  their  holds.  Dock  laborers  employed  in 
unloading  ferro-silicon  are  also  subject  to  this 
danger. 

19.  Formaldehyde . A  liquid  used  in  coal-tar  color  industry  and  for  dis¬ 

infecting  and  preserving.  Inhalation  in  the  form 
of  vapor  produces  intense  irritation  of  the  skin 
and  mucous  membranes. 

20.  Gasing  (not  otherwise  Poisoning  by  Carbon  Monoxide  gas,  illuminating 


specified)  gas,  marsh  gas,  etc. 

21.  Hydrochloric  Acid  . A  colorless  gas.  Poisoning  occurs  in  potteries, 

enameling  works,  glass  factories,  in  chemical, 
india  rubber  and  shoddy  industry;  manufacture 
of  fertilizer,  cotton  print  works,  etc. 

22.  Hydrofluoric  Acid . A  colorless  gas  of  pungent  odor.  In  the  form  of 


gas  enters  the  body  through  respiratory  organs. 
In  fluid  state  acts  on  the  skin  and  mucous  mem¬ 
branes.  Poisonings  occur  in  practically  the  same 
industries  that  are  enumerated  under  hydro¬ 
chloric  acid. 

23.  Lead  . Known  as  plumbism,  lead  colic,  painters’  and 

miners’  colic.  Causes  paralysis  (wrist  drop),  in¬ 
sanity,  death  and  disturbances  in  the  sexual 
sphere  in  women  (abortion,  premature  birth,  etc.) 
Occurs  in  any  process  involving  the  use  of  lead 
or  its  preparations  and  compounds.  According  to 
some  authorities  lead  is  used  and  poisoning  occurs 
in  150  trades. 


23.  Lead  Colic . See  23 — Lead. 

24.  Manganese  (Manganese  Caused  by  inhalation  of  the  dust.  Symptoms: 

Dioxide)  Paraesthesia,  tremors,  derangement  of  articula¬ 

tion,  mental  depression,  paralysis. 


44 


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OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE  —Continued 


Remarks 

Known  also  as  “mercurial  tremors.”  Absorbed  in 
form  of  vapor  or  dust.  Occurs  in  mercury  and 
gold  mining,  smelting,  gilding  and  silvering ; 
mirror  making,  photography,  steel  engraving ; 
manufacture  of  felt  hats,  etc. 

25.  Mercurial  Tremors  . See  25 — Mercury 

34.  Methyl  Alcohol  . See  34— Wood  Alcohol. 

23.  Miners’  Colic  . See  23 — Lead. 

26.  Nitrobenzol  (and  its  de-  A  colorless  fluid.  Absorption  takes  place  through 

rivatives  and  compounds)  the  skin  and  organs  of  respiration  and  digestion. 

Poisoning  occurs  in  coal-tar  color  industry,  in 
explosive  works,  perfumery  and  soap  factories, 
pharmaceutical  laboratories,  etc. 

27.  Nitrous  Gases  . Poisoning  by  inhalation  in  gaseous  form  occurs 

in  chemical  and  celluloid  works,  in  preparation  of 
nitric,  sulphuric  and  picric  acids,  aniline,  nitro¬ 
glycerine,  etching  of  metals,  hat  making,  stamp 
mills,  mints,  etc. 


28.  Nitroglycerine  . An  oily,  colorless  fluid.  Poisoning  by  inhalation 

of  the  vapor  and  by  absorption  through  the  skin. 
Occurs  in  the  manufacture  of  explosives  and  in 
the  use  of  dynamite. 

23.  Painters’  Colic . See  23 — Lead. 

29.  Petroleum  . Poisoning  by  inhalation  of  its  vapor,  occurs  in 


production  of  the  oil  and  in  refining  of  the  crude 
oil.  Causes  acute  poisoning  with  a  condition  of 
inebriation  accompanied  by  shouting,  reeling  and 
prolonged  sleep.  Symptoms  in  general  resemble 
those  resulting  from  benzine  poisoning. 

30.  Phosphorus  . Also  known  as  “phossy  jaw”  and  “phosphorous 

necrosis.”  Poisoning  by  inhalation  of  the  vapor 
and  by  means  of  food  contaminated  by  dirty 
fingers. 

31.  Phosphuretted  Hydrogen ...  A  colorless  gas  of  nauseating  odor.  Poisoning  by 

inhalation  in  the  extraction  of  phosphorus;  in 
the  preparation  of  phosphorous  compounds,  in  the 
reduction  of  iron  silicate  containing  phosphorus; 
by  the  action  of  moisture  and  in  production  of 
acetylene. 

23.  Plumbism  . See  23 — Lead. 

32.  Sulphuretted  Hydrogen . A  colorless  gas,  having  the  fetid  odor  of  rotten 

eggs.  Poisoning  by  inhalation  of  the  gas.  Occurs  in 
tanneries,  sewers,  illuminating  gas  plants,  blast 
furnaces;  in  the  manufacture  of  matches  and  of 
sulphur  and  phosphorous  compounds;  in  Leblanc 
soda  and  chemical  factories,  etc. 

33.  Sulphuric  Acid . A  colorless  and  odorless  fluid.  Poisoning  by  in¬ 

halation  of  the  vapor.  Occurs  in  manufacture  of 
sulphuric  acid;  in  textile  industry,  hat  factories, 
petroleum  distillation,  and  in  manufacture  of 
powdered  fertilizers. 


POISONOUS  SUBSTANCES— Could. 
Code 

No.  Poisoning  by 

25.  Mercury  (Quicksilver)  .. 


45 


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OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE — Continued 


POISONOUS  SUBSTANCES — Contd. 

Code  Remarks. 

No.  Poisoning  by 

34.  Wood  Alcohol  . A  colorless  fluid  of  faint  odor,  produced  by  dry 

distillation  of  wood.  Ujed  in  preparation  of  var¬ 
nish,  lacquer  polish  and  perfumes ;  for  denaturing 
of  spirits;  used  in  combination  with  shellac,  in 
cabinet  making  and  furniture  polishing;  as  a  sol¬ 
vent  for  aniline  dyes;  for  adulterating  whiskey 
and  in  hair  tonics.  Poisoning  by  inhalation  of 
the  vapor  and  by  absorption  through  the  skin 
and  digestive  organs.  The  effect  is  persistent  and 
very  serious.  Absorption  of  a  small  quantity 
frequently  causes  blindness,  deafness,  delirium, 
affection  of  respiratory  organs,  and  even  death  by 
paralysis  of  the  heart. 

35.  Wood  (African  Boxwood 

and  others)  . Workers  in  the  following  woods  are  subject  to 

poisoning  and  other  affections :  African  Boxwood, 
California  Sequoia,  Japanese  “Tagayasa,”  satin- 
wood,  teakwood,  redwood,  cokus  wood,  cocoa-bola, 
ebony,  etc.  This  is  due  to  alkaloids  and  other 
toxic  substances  contained  in  these  woods. 


36. 

37. 

38. 

39. 

40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 

44. 

45. 

46. 

47. 

48. 

49. 

50. 


PULMONARY  DISEASES  CAUSED 
BY  DUST  AND  FIBRES 


Code 

No. 


Disease 


51. . .  Anthracosis 


52.  Byssinosis  . 

56.  Chalicosis  . 

51.  Coal  Miners’  phthisis . 

55.  Knife  grinders’  phthisis 


Remarks. 

Or  coal  miners’  phthisis.  Due  to  inhalation  of 
coal  dust. 

A  lung  disease  caused  by  inhalation  of  cotton  par¬ 
ticles. 

See  56 — Silicosis. 

See  51 — Anthracosis. 

See  55 — Siderosis. 


46 


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OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE— Continued 


PULMONARY  DISEASES  CAUSED  BY 
DUST  AND  FIBRES — Contd. 

c°d'  Disease  Remarks. 

53.  Pneumokoniosis  (not  oth-  Under  this  term  are  included  all  lung  diseases 
erwise  specified)  caused  by  dust.  Such  diseases  are  attended  by 

an  increase  of  the  fibrous  tissue  of  the  organs — 
hardening  or  fibrosis  of  the  lungs. 


54.  Potters’  Rot  or  Potters’ 
Asthma 


A  form  of  lung  disease  common  among  workers 
engaged  in  manufacture  of  pottery.  Due  to  in¬ 
halation  of  clay  dust. 


55.  Siderosis  . Met  with  in  persons  who  work  in  operations  pro¬ 

ducing  iron  or  steel  dust,  such  as  cutlery  grinders, 
tool  sharpeners;  workers  in  red  oxide  of  iron, 
such  as  looking  glass  makers,  gold  beaters,  glass 
polishers,  etc. 


56.  Silicosis  . A  pulmonary  dust  disease  caused  by  inhalation 

of  stone  or  other  non-metallic  mineral  dust.  The 
men  who  are  liable  to  this  disease  are  grinders, 
brickmakers,  etc. 

56.  Stone  Cutters’  Rot . See  56 — Silicosis. 


57. 

58. 

59. 

60. 


DISEASES  CAUSED  BY  PARASITES 
AND  MICRO-ORGANISM 


Code 

No. 


Disease 


Remarks. 


61.  Ankylostomiasis . Also  known  as  miners’  hookworm  and  miners’ 

anemia.  Occurs  in  mines,  tunnels,  among  brick 
workers,  etc.  Caused  by  the  intestinal  parasite, 
ankylostoma  duodenale.  Spread  by  means  of 
human  faeces.  Provision  of  portable  sanitary  ap¬ 
pliances  and  disinfecting  stools  with  sulphuric 
acid  will  prevent  contamination  of  mines  by  this 
parasite. 


62.  Anthrax  . An  infectious  disease  transmitted  by  a  micro¬ 

organism,  the  bacillus  anthracis.  Acquired  in  the 
handling  of  wool,  hair,  bristles,  hides  and  skins. 
There  are  three  forms  of  this  disease :  cutaneous, 
pulmonary  and  intestinal.  Also  known  as  “wool- 
sorters’  disease.” 


63.  Farcy  . An  infectious  disease  transmitted  by  the  same 

germ  (bacillus  mallei)  which  causes  glanders.  It 
is  termed  “Farcy”  when  the  disease  only  affects 
the  skin. 

64.  Foot  and  Mouth  Disease. .  .This  disease,  which  attacks  cattle,  pigs  and 

sheep,  is  occasionally  transmitted  to  man  through 
infected  meat  as  well  as  by  handling  cattle. 
Butchers,  cowboys,  drivers,  stablemen,  horse  deal¬ 
ers  and  milkmen  are  liable  to  become  infected. 


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OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE— Continued 


DISEASES  CAUSED  BY  PARASITES  AND 
MICRO-ORGANISM — Contd. 


Code 

No. 


Disease 


Remarks. 


65.  Glanders  . An  infectious  disease  acquired  in  the  care  of 

horses  suffering  from  glanders  or  in  the  handling 
of  carcass  of  such  animals.  Caused  by  the  bacillus 
mallei. 


66.  Lockjaw  . See  66 — Tetanus. 

66.  Tetanus  . (Lockjaw)  Limited  to  infection  by  Tetanus 

bacillus  through  material  handled  in  occupation. 
Cases  of  tetanus  resulting  from  infected  wounds 
excluded,  as  these  must  be  considered  injuries 
arising  out  of  accidents. 


67.  Tuberculosis  . Considered  either  as  (1)  directly  attributable  to 

the  occupation,  or  (2)  as  the  terminal  disease 
of  various  industrial  affections.  Cases  resulting 
from  traumatism,  e.  g.,  contusions,  bruises,  frac¬ 
tures,  etc.,  to  be  excluded. 


68.  Pneumonia . Limited  to  cases  resulting  from  exposure.  Trau¬ 

matic  pneumonia  excluded. 


69. 

70. 


DUE  TO  FATIGUE,  STRAINS, 
EXCESSIVE  LIGHT  AND  HEAT, 
FRICTION,  ETC. 


Code 

No. 


Disease 


71.  Amblyopia 


72.  Asthenopia 


73.  Electric  Opthalmia  . . . 

74.  Glassworkers’  Cataract 

75.  Miners’  Nystagmus  . . 

76.  Myopia  . 


Remarks 

Temporary  loss  of  vision.  Occurs  in  tobacco 
workers,  dye  workers,  etc. 

An  affection  of  the  eyes  (retinal  fatigue)  caused 
by  constant  contraction  of  pupils  in  the  effort  to 
exclude  light.  Occurs  in  trades  such  as  gilders, 
metal  polishers,  glass  workers,  etc.,  compelling  a 
close  attention  to  polished  surfaces. 

An  affection  of  the  eyes  due  to  intense  light  and 
heat  evolved  in  electric  welding. 

Glassworkers  exposed  to  the  intense  glare  of 
molten  glass  are  subject  to  this  malady. 

An  affection  of  the  eyes  due  to  their  peculiar 
way  of  looking  at  their  work.  Causes  oscillation 
and  unsteadiness  of  the  eyeballs.  Occurs  in  min¬ 
ing  and  occasionally  in  other  occupations. 

Impairment  of  vision  due  to  close  attention  to 
fine  work  as  in  the  case  of  lithographers,  en¬ 
gravers,  etc. 


77. 

78. 

79. 


80. 


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OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASE  CODE — Continued 


CRAMPS  AND  OTHER  NERVE 
AFFECTIONS 


Code 

No. 


Disease 


81.  Occupation  Neurosis  (not 
otherwise  specified)  . . . 


Remarks. 


Under  this  general  term  are  included  diseases 
arising  from  fatigue,  physical  strain,  high  nerve- 
tension  and  sustained  volitionary  muscular  move¬ 
ments.  It  affects  cigar  makers,  seamstresses, 
typesetters,  writers,  typists,  telegraphers,  pneu¬ 
matic  tool  users  (from  vibration),  etc.  The 
nerves  and  muscles  of  the  hand  and  arm  are 
involved  in  90  per  cent  of  the  cases  of  neurosis. 


82. 

83. 

84. 

85. 

86. 


Telegraphers’  Cramp  . Or  Telegraphists’  Spasm. 

Writers’  Cramp  . Also  writers’  palsey  and  scriveners’  spasm. 


87.  Boilermakers’  Deafness . Due  to  excessive  vibration  of  the  tempanic  mem¬ 

brane  and  bones  and  fluid  in  the  ear. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  JOINTS  AND 
TENDONS 


Code 

No. 


Disease 


Remarks 


88.  Bursitis . Known  in  England  as  “beat  elbow.”  A  chronic 

inflammation  of  the  bursa  (a  sack  containing 
the  lubricating  fluid  of  the  joint)  over  the  elbow, 
due  to  prolonged  pressure. 

89.  Cellulitis  of  the  hand . Known  in  England  as  “beat  hand.”  Subcutane¬ 

ous  inflammation,  due  to  friction,  usually  on  the 
palmar  surface. 

90.  Bursitis  over  patella . Known  in  England  as  “beat  knee.” 

91.  Synovitis  . Inflammation  of  the  synovial  lining  of  the  wrist 

joint  and  tendon  sheaths. 

92.  Dupuytren’s  Contraction _ Contraction  of  the  palmar  tendon  sheaths  due 

to  prolonged  pressure  on  tools  and  other  hard 
objects. 


93. 

94. 

95. 

96. 


DUE  TO  COMPRESSED  AIR 

£ode  Disease  Remarks 

No* 

97.  Compressed  Air  Disease _ Also  called  “caisson  disease”  and  the  “bends.” 

Occurs  after  too  hasty  emergence  from  air  pres¬ 
sure.  Under  high  pressure  the  atmospheric  air 
is  dissolved  in  the  blood  and  tissues;  during  de¬ 
compression  there  is  a  rapid  disengagement  of 
the  gas  in  the  form  of  bubbles,  which  block  the 
blood  vessels  and  tear  the  tissues. 

98.  Divers’  Paralysis . Due  to  too  rapid  ascent  after  diving.  Cause  and 

symptoms  practically  the  same  as  in  Caisson 
Disease. 

99 . , . 


49 


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